A sovereign power over a number of people in a specific geographical area is called

A sovereign power over a number of people in a specific geographical area is called a state. A state is a political entity that exercises control over a defined territory, with a government that has the power to make and enforce laws, maintain order and security, and provide public services. A state can be either independent or part of a larger political entity, such as a federation or a confederation. The concept of the state is fundamental to political science and is the basis for the international system of nation-states that exists today.