A pressure cooker works by sealing the cooking vessel and trapping steam inside. As the liquid heats up, steam builds pressure, which raises the boiling point of water from the normal 100 degrees Celsius to approximately 120 degrees Celsius. This higher temperature cooks food significantly faster than conventional methods.
A key characteristic of pressure cooking is reduced liquid requirements. Because the sealed environment prevents steam from escaping, very little liquid evaporates during cooking. The moisture stays inside the pot, circulating as pressurised steam. This means the cook needs to add far less water or stock compared to conventional boiling, steaming, or braising, where liquid continuously evaporates.
Lower temperatures is incorrect - pressure cooking uses higher temperatures than normal boiling. Longer cooking times is the opposite of what happens - the elevated pressure and temperature dramatically shorten cooking times. Increased nutrient loss is also incorrect; pressure cooking actually preserves more nutrients than many conventional methods because the shorter cooking time and reduced exposure to water limit the breakdown and leaching of vitamins and minerals.