Demand-pull inflation occurs when there is excessive demand for goods and services in an economy, resulting in increased prices. This is usually caused by a combination of factors, such as increased government spending, increased consumer confidence, low interest rates, or an increase in exports. As demand for goods and services increases, suppliers may increase prices in response to the higher demand, leading to inflation. This can also be caused by a shortage of goods and services, leading to competition among buyers, driving up prices.