(a) (i) Give two reasons why termites are described as social insects. (ii) Name four castes found in the termite nest, stating one of each castes. (b) Desc...

Answer Details

(a)(i) Two reasons why termites are described as social insects

1. They live together in large organised colonies in which members depend on one another.
2. There is division of labour, with different castes performing different specialised duties for the good of the whole colony.

(a)(ii) Four castes in a termite nest, with the function of each

(b) Five behavioural adaptations of termites for survival

1. Division of labour among castes: each caste performs a special task (reproduction, feeding, defence), which makes the colony efficient and better able to survive.
2. Building of termitaria (mounds): they construct strong, ventilated mounds that protect the colony from enemies, heat and desiccation and keep conditions inside cool and moist.
3. Cooperative feeding and care of young: workers feed the queen, king, soldiers and larvae, so members that cannot feed themselves survive.
4. Cultivation of fungus gardens: workers grow fungus on chewed plant material as a reliable food supply.
5. Communication by chemicals (pheromones) and grooming: termites signal danger and coordinate activities, and constant grooming keeps the colony free from disease.

Also acceptable: swarming/nuptial flight for dispersal and starting new colonies, and remaining hidden inside tunnels away from light and predators.