Which of the following is not a favorable factor for tourism development in West Africa?

The answer is "ineffective publicity". This is because effective publicity is a key factor in promoting tourism and attracting tourists to a destination. The other options are favorable factors for tourism development in West Africa. Highlands, rocks and beaches provide scenic attractions, while abundant wildlife provides opportunities for nature-based tourism. Improved communication facilities facilitate the movement of tourists and provide access to information about tourist destinations. Therefore, ineffective publicity, which hinders the promotion and marketing of tourist destinations, is not a favorable factor for tourism development in West Africa.