(a) Outline the circumstances that led David to serve in the house of Saul. (b) What three lessons can leaders learn from the causes of Saul's downfall?.

(a) Circumstances that led David to serve in the house of Saul (1 Samuel 16)

Because Saul had disobeyed God, the Spirit of the Lord departed from him, and an evil (tormenting) spirit troubled him. Saul's servants suggested that a skilful harp player be found to play for him and soothe him whenever the evil spirit came. One of the young men recommended David, the son of Jesse of Bethlehem, describing him as skilful in playing, a man of valour, prudent in speech, good-looking, and one with whom the Lord was present.

Saul therefore sent messengers to Jesse asking for David, and Jesse sent David with a gift. David came to Saul and entered his service, and Saul loved him greatly and made him his armour-bearer. Whenever the evil spirit troubled Saul, David played the harp, and Saul was refreshed and the evil spirit departed. Earlier, the prophet Samuel had already secretly anointed David as the future king when God rejected Saul. David's fame grew further after he killed the Philistine giant Goliath, which drew him even closer into the royal court, though it later provoked Saul's jealousy.

(b) Three lessons leaders can learn from the causes of Saul's downfall

1. Obedience to God is essential: Saul fell because he disobeyed God, offering the sacrifice himself instead of waiting for Samuel, and sparing Agag and the best animals against God's command. Leaders must fully obey God rather than partly.
2. Avoid pride, self-will and impatience: Saul acted presumptuously and made excuses instead of repenting. Leaders must be humble, patient and accountable.
3. Avoid jealousy, hatred and vengeance: Saul's envy of David consumed him and led to repeated attempts on David's life, ruining his reign. Leaders must guard against jealousy and destructive rivalry.