Vulcanization of rubber is a process by which sulphur is chemically combined in the rubber to make it more durable and less sticky. The process involves heating natural rubber with sulphur or other curatives, such as peroxides, under high pressure. The sulphur reacts with the rubber molecules to form cross-links, which improve the rubber's strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat, chemicals, and abrasion. This process was discovered by Charles Goodyear in the 19th century and revolutionized the rubber industry by making it possible to produce a wide range of rubber products for various applications.