(a) Draw an outline map of Africa. On the map, show and name one area of: (i) Equatorial climate (ii) Tropical continental climate (iii) Mediterranean clima...
Question 1 Report
(a) Draw an outline map of Africa. On the map, show and name one area of:
(i) Equatorial climate
(ii) Tropical continental climate
(iii) Mediterranean climate
(iv) One important town each in (a)(i) and (ii) above.
(b) (i) Name the type of vegetation associated with the Tropical Continental Climate.
(ii) Outline four ways in which the vegetation named in
(b)(i) above has adapted to the climatic characteristics of the area.
Answer Details
(a) Climate regions and towns in Africa
(b)(i) The vegetation associated with the tropical continental climate is tropical grassland, also called savanna.
(b)(ii) Savanna vegetation is adapted to the long hot dry season in the following ways:
- Many plants grow long tap roots or deep, durable root systems that reach water deep below the ground during the dry season.
- Some plants develop fleshy stems which store water for use when rainfall is scarce.
- Trees may have thick bark or thick leaves, helping to reduce water loss and protect the plant in hot, dry conditions.
- Leaves may be small, leathery or needle-shaped, giving a smaller surface area and reducing transpiration.
Examination point: Link each adaptation to water shortage in the dry season: roots obtain water, fleshy stems store it, and reduced or protected leaves limit water loss by transpiration.
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