Study the map extract on a scale of 1:100,000 and answer the following questions: (a) Draw an outline of the map using a scale of 1:300,000 On your outline,...

(a) Reducing the map to a scale of 1:300,000

The original extract is drawn to a scale of \(1:100{,}000\) and measures 37.5 cm long by 36.6 cm broad. To redraw the outline at \(1:300{,}000\) every distance must be reduced to one-third, because the new denominator is three times larger:

The representative fraction of the reduced outline is therefore

The outline is drawn as a rectangle 12.5 cm long by 12.2 cm wide. On it the four required features are marked: (i) the low, flat land bordering the river channel is outlined and shaded as the area liable to flooding; (ii) the full course of River Rafin Bela is drawn from its source to its mouth with an arrowhead pointing downstream to show the direction of flow; (iii) the settlements of TILLI and ZOGIRMA are each shown by a small circle and named; and (iv) the 800 ft contour enclosing ZANUA HILL is drawn and the ground above it shaded completely.

(b) Four distinct drainage features on the map

1. Meanders - pronounced looping bends along the course of River Rafin Bela.
2. Watersheds - the high ground (including Zanua Hill) separating one drainage basin from the next.
3. Floodable (flood) plains - the wide, flat, low-lying land bordering the river channel.
4. Braiding - the division of the river into several interlacing channels around bars of deposited sediment.

River valleys and a dendritic (tree-like) drainage pattern are also clearly present on the extract.

(c) Six features along the minor road from Rafin Tsaka to Nageda

Human features:

1. Settlements (small nucleated villages along the route).
2. Bench marks (survey height points beside the road).
3. Areas of scattered cultivation (farm plots).

Physical features:

4. Scrub vegetation.
5. An open plain (flat lowland).
6. A hill and the adjoining river valley.