Account for the success of the prophet (S.A.W.) in Madina

After the Hijrah in 622 C.E., the Prophet (S.A.W.) achieved remarkable success in Madina, transforming it into the first Islamic state. The factors responsible for his success include:

1. Divine support and revelation. Continuous guidance from Allah through the Qur’an directed his affairs and gave the Muslims confidence and victory.
2. Building of the Mosque (Masjid an-Nabawi). It became the centre of worship, learning, administration, and community meetings, uniting the believers.
3. Brotherhood (Mu’akhah). He established brotherhood between the Muhajirun (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers), sharing wealth and homes, which knit the community together.
4. The Constitution of Madina. He drew up a treaty defining the rights and duties of Muslims, Jews and other groups, establishing law, order and mutual defence.
5. His noble character and leadership. His honesty, justice, mercy and wisdom won the hearts of the people and gained him loyalty.
6. Willing support of the Ansar. The people of Madina had already accepted Islam through the Pledges of ‘Aqabah and gave him sincere protection and help.
7. Successful battles and treaties. Victories such as Badr, and treaties such as Hudaybiyyah, strengthened the position of Islam and spread its influence.
8. Organisation of the state. He established Zakat, laws, judiciary, defence and diplomacy, giving the community a firm structure.
9. Unity and discipline of the Muslims. The believers were bound by faith, obedience and readiness for sacrifice in the cause of Allah.

These factors combined to make Madina the cradle of Islamic civilisation and secured the triumph of the Prophet's mission.