(a) In a tabular form, state five differences between subsistence and commercial agricuiture (5marks) (b) Suggest two possible solutions to each of the foll...
Question 1 Report
(a) In a tabular form, state five differences between subsistence and commercial agricuiture (5marks)
(b) Suggest two possible solutions to each of the following problems of agricultural development an West Africa (i) Inadequate land (ii) Inadequate finance (iii) Incidence of diseases (6 marks)
(c) What is agricultural ecology? (2 marks)
(d) State five sources of pollution of agricultural lands and fish ponds. (5marks)
Answer Details
(a) Five differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture
| Subsistence agriculture | Commercial agriculture |
|---|---|
| Practised on a small scale. | Practised on a large scale. |
| Produce is mainly for family consumption. | Produce is mainly for sale and profit. |
| Uses simple, crude tools. | Uses machines and modern tools. |
| Requires low capital and gives low output. | Requires high capital and gives high output. |
| Uses mainly family labour with little or no surplus. | Uses hired, skilled labour with large surplus for sale. |
(b) Two solutions to each problem
(i) Inadequate land
- Introduce land reform and land-use laws to make land available.
- Discourage fragmentation by consolidating small holdings, and practise intensive farming.
(ii) Inadequate finance
- Provide agricultural credit and loans through banks.
- Give government subsidies and encourage cooperative societies to pool funds.
(iii) Incidence of diseases
- Use disease-resistant crop varieties and animal breeds.
- Carry out regular spraying and vaccination and establish quarantine.
(c) Agricultural ecology
Agricultural ecology is the study of the relationship or interaction between crops and farm animals and their environment (both the living and the non-living components).
(d) Five sources of pollution of agricultural lands and fish ponds
- Industrial waste and effluents.
- Oil spillage.
- Agrochemicals (pesticides and herbicides).
- Excess inorganic fertilizers washed into water.
- Sewage and domestic refuse.
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