Table 1 shows results from a memory study. Participants read a list of words, complete a two-minute puzzle, and then recall the words. One group studies in ...
Question 1 Report
Table 1 shows results from a memory study. Participants read a list of words, complete a two-minute puzzle, and then recall the words. One group studies in a quiet room and the other in a room with recorded café noise.
| Condition | Number of participants | Mean words recalled out of 20 | Range of scores |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quiet room | 18 | 13.6 | 7-18 |
| Café-noise room | 18 | 10.1 | 4-17 |
(a) Identify the condition with the higher mean recall score. [1]
(b) Use Table 1 to state the difference between the two mean scores. [1]
(c) Describe what the range suggests about individual differences in the café-noise group. [1]
(d) Evaluate whether the results alone prove that noise affects memory. [2]
Answer Details
(a) Quiet-room condition [1] (b) 13.6 - 10.1 = 3.5 words [1] (c) Scores vary widely, from 4 to 17, showing substantial individual differences [1] (d) The mean difference suggests quiet participants recalled more words [1], but results alone do not prove causation because chance variation or uncontrolled factors could explain the difference unless the study controlled them [1].
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