A nurse uses Fig. 1 when explaining blood glucose control to a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes. The diagram shows a pancreas beside blood vessels and ...
Question 1 Report
A nurse uses Fig. 1 when explaining blood glucose control to a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes. The diagram shows a pancreas beside blood vessels and a body cell. After a meal containing starch, digestion releases glucose which enters the blood. The patient's blood glucose concentration is higher than the normal value.
(a) Identify the hormone released by the pancreas when blood glucose concentration is too high. [1]
(b) Explain how this hormone lowers blood glucose concentration. [2]
(c) Use the information to explain why untreated diabetes can leave body cells short of glucose for respiration. [2]
(d) Give one food test that could be used to identify glucose in a urine sample. [1]
Answer Details
(a) Insulin [1] (b) Cells take up glucose from the blood [1]; glucose is converted to glycogen for storage in liver or muscle cells / used in respiration [1] (c) Too little insulin means glucose is not taken up sufficiently by body cells [1]; cells have less glucose available for respiration / energy release [1] (d) Benedict's test: add Benedict's solution and heat, with a brick-red/orange result [1]
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