Fig. 1 shows a section of the sodium chloride crystal used by a student to grit an icy path. The large regular arrangement is an ionic lattice. The student ...
Question 1 Report
Fig. 1 shows a section of the sodium chloride crystal used by a student to grit an icy path. The large regular arrangement is an ionic lattice. The student notices that solid sodium chloride does not complete an electrical circuit, but a salt solution in water does. The crystal can also be crushed into small grains.
(a) Give the charge on a sodium ion. [1]
(b) Use Fig. 1 to describe the arrangement of ions in sodium chloride. [2]
(c) How does the bonding in this compound account for its high melting temperature? [3]
Answer Details
- A sodium ion has charge \(+1\). [1]
- Sodium chloride has a regular repeating lattice. Positive and negative ions alternate, so each ion is surrounded by ions of opposite charge. [2]
- Strong electrostatic attractions, or ionic bonds, act between oppositely charged ions. These attractions occur throughout the giant lattice, so much energy is needed to overcome them. This gives sodium chloride a high melting temperature. [3]
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