(a) On an outline map of Africa, locate and name (i) two land-locked countries (ii) two ports, each in a different country, serving these land-locked countr...
Question 1 Report
(a) On an outline map of Africa, locate and name
(i) two land-locked countries
(ii) two ports, each in a different country, serving these land-locked countries
(iii) the countries in which these ports are located
(b) What four major problems are facing land-locked countries in Africa?
Answer Details
(a) Outline map of Africa showing land-locked countries and their ports
A drawn outline map of Africa is required. Locate and name the following:
| Land-locked country | Serving port | Country of the port |
|---|---|---|
| Mali | Dakar (or Abidjan) | Senegal (or Cote d'Ivoire) |
| Zambia | Dar-es-Salaam | Tanzania |
(Other acceptable pairs: Niger served by Cotonou/Lagos; Chad by Douala (Cameroon); Uganda by Mombasa (Kenya); Zimbabwe by Beira (Mozambique).)
(b) Four major problems facing land-locked countries in Africa
- No direct access to the sea: they have no seaport of their own and must depend on the ports of neighbouring coastal states for overseas trade.
- High transport costs and delays: goods travel long distances overland by road or rail before reaching a port, raising costs and causing delays.
- Dependence on neighbours: their trade can be disrupted by political disputes, closed borders, wars or transit charges imposed by the coastal country.
- Limited trade and slow development: difficulty and cost of importing and exporting discourage industry and investment and slow economic growth.
(Also: dependence on the neighbour's transport network and port efficiency, and vulnerability to congestion at foreign ports.)
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