The Table below relates to the supply of labour in response to the given wage rates Use the information in the table to answer the questions that follow .
| Wage rate ($ per hour) |
Hours worked (per day) |
Income per day (S) |
| 10 |
- |
10 |
| 20 |
- |
60 |
| 30 |
- |
150 |
| 40 |
6 |
- |
| 50 |
4 |
- |
| 60 |
3 |
- |
(a) Determine the number of hours of work per day if the wage rate is (i) $10 per day (ii) $20 per day (16) $30 per day
(b) Calculate the income per day when the wage rate is (i) $40 (ii) $50 (iii) 60
(c) (i) Which wage rate per hour attracts the highest earnings?
(ii) Name the type of supply curve that can be associated with the data in the table.
(iii) Explain the nature of the supply curve named in (c)(ii)
The three columns are linked by \( \text{Income per day} = \text{Wage rate} \times \text{Hours worked} \). We rearrange this to fill the gaps.
(a) Hours worked \( = \dfrac{\text{Income}}{\text{Wage rate}} \):
- (i) At \$10 per hour: \( 10 \div 10 = 1 \) hour.
- (ii) At \$20 per hour: \( 60 \div 20 = 3 \) hours.
- (iii) At \$30 per hour: \( 150 \div 30 = 5 \) hours.
(b) Income per day \( = \text{Wage rate} \times \text{Hours} \):
- (i) At \$40: \( 40 \times 6 = \$240 \).
- (ii) At \$50: \( 50 \times 4 = \$200 \).
- (iii) At \$60: \( 60 \times 3 = \$180 \).
Completed table
| Wage rate ($/hour) | Hours worked/day | Income/day ($) |
|---|
| 10 | 1 | 10 |
| 20 | 3 | 60 |
| 30 | 5 | 150 |
| 40 | 6 | 240 |
| 50 | 4 | 200 |
| 60 | 3 | 180 |
(c)(i) The wage rate of \$40 per hour attracts the highest earnings, \$240 per day.
(c)(ii) The data give a backward-bending (regressive) supply curve of labour.
(c)(iii) Up to \$40 per hour, higher wages induce the worker to offer more hours (1, 3, 5, 6), so supply slopes upward. Beyond \$40, further wage increases cause hours to fall (6, 4, 3): the worker now feels rich enough to buy more leisure, so the income effect outweighs the substitution effect and the curve bends backward on itself.