What method of mining is used for extracting petroleum in Africa?

Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is extracted from the earth's surface through a method called drilling. This method involves drilling deep wells into the earth's surface to reach the layer of rock that contains the oil reserves. Once the well reaches the oil reservoir, the oil is pumped out using various techniques, such as pressure or suction. Drilling is the primary method used for extracting petroleum in Africa, as it is in most other regions of the world where oil reserves are found. Other methods such as crushing, adit, or open cast are not suitable for extracting petroleum as it is usually located deep underground and requires specialized equipment and techniques to extract it.