(a)(i) Explain what is meant by a machine (ii) Define the terms: mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency as applied to a machine. Derive the equ...

(a)(i) Explain what is meant by a machine (ii) Define the terms: mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency as applied to a machine. Derive the equation connecting the three terms.

(b) Explain why the efficiency of a machine is usually less than 100%

(c) A screw jack whose pitch is 4.4mm is used to raise a body of mass 8000 kg through a height of 20cm. The length of the tommy bar of the jack is 70cm. If the efficiency of the jack is 80%, calcuate the: (i) velocity ratio of the jack; (ii) mechanical advantage of the jack (iii) effort required in raising the body, (iv) work done by the effort in raising the body \((g = 10ms^{-2};  \pi = \frac{22}{7}\))