The process in which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones is referred to as

The process in which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones is referred to as catabolism. Catabolism is a metabolic process that breaks down complex molecules such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into smaller, simpler units such as glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. This process releases energy that can be used by cells for various activities such as growth, repair, and movement. Catabolism is essential for the proper functioning of living organisms as it helps to provide energy and raw materials for anabolism, the opposite process that builds complex substances from simpler ones. In addition, catabolism also helps to remove waste products from cells, which can be toxic if they accumulate. In contrast, anabolism is the metabolic process that builds complex molecules from simpler ones, and metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in living organisms. Tropism refers to the response of a plant or animal to external stimuli such as light or gravity.