Pastures could be improved through fertilizer application and irrigation. Fertilizer application involves the addition of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, to the soil to enhance the growth of plants. This improves pasture quality by promoting the growth of more nutritious forage. Irrigation, on the other hand, involves the application of water to the pasture to ensure that the plants have enough moisture for growth. This ensures that the plants have good quality and quantity of forage for animals to graze on. Properly fertilized and irrigated pastures help to improve livestock productivity, health, and overall farm profitability.