(a) Explain the term farm mechanisation (b) State seven advantages and seven disadvantages of farm mechanization

Answer Details

(a) Farm mechanisation

Farm mechanisation is the use of machines, engines and other mechanical devices (such as tractors, ploughs, planters, harvesters and sprayers) in place of human and animal power to carry out farm operations more quickly and efficiently.

(b) Seven advantages of farm mechanisation

1. It saves time and speeds up farm operations.
2. It reduces the drudgery of manual labour.
3. It makes large-scale farming possible by cultivating large areas.
4. It reduces the cost of production per unit in the long run.
5. It increases output and productivity of the farm.
6. It ensures timely performance of operations such as planting and harvesting.
7. It reduces the problem of labour shortage.

Seven disadvantages of farm mechanisation

1. High cost of purchasing the machines.
2. High cost of fuelling, maintenance and repairs.
3. It causes unemployment by displacing farm workers.
4. It requires skilled operators who may not be available.
5. It causes soil compaction and can damage soil structure.
6. Machines are not suitable for small, scattered or steep/rocky farms.
7. It can lead to soil erosion when large areas are cleared and left bare.