In Jeremiah 18:1-6, God instructed Jeremiah to go down to the potter's house, where he observed a potter working at his wheel. When the vessel the potter was making was spoiled, the potter simply reshaped the clay into another vessel as it seemed good to him.
God then explained the symbolism: "O house of Israel, can I not do with you as this potter has done? Behold, like the clay in the potter's hand, so are you in my hand, O house of Israel" (Jeremiah 18:6). The work of a potter symbolises God's sovereignty - His absolute authority to shape, reshape, or even discard nations according to His purposes.
The potter-clay metaphor powerfully illustrates that God, as Creator, has complete authority over His creation. Just as a potter has total control over what he makes from clay, God has sovereign power over all nations and peoples. This image recurs throughout Scripture (Isaiah 29:16, Isaiah 64:8, Romans 9:20-21) as one of the most vivid representations of divine sovereignty.
The works of creation and creation of man are broader themes, while the coming of a saviour relates to messianic prophecy. The specific symbol Jeremiah used for God's sovereignty was the potter's work with clay.