Explain the following terms: (a) tensile stress;... | WAEC SSCE - Physics - 2009

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Explain the following terms:

(a) tensile stress;

(b)Young’s modulus

Answer

(a) Tensile stress

Tensile stress is the stretching force acting per unit cross-sectional area of a material when it is subjected to a pull along its length.

\[ \text{Tensile stress} = \frac{\text{Force (tension)}}{\text{Cross-sectional area}} = \frac{F}{A} \]

Its S.I. unit is the pascal (\(\text{Pa}\)) or \(\text{N m}^{-2}\).

(b) Young's modulus

Young's modulus (the modulus of elasticity) is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain for a material, within the limit of proportionality (the region where Hooke's law holds).

\[ E = \frac{\text{tensile stress}}{\text{tensile strain}} = \frac{F/A}{e/l} = \frac{Fl}{Ae} \]

where \(F\) is the stretching force, \(A\) the cross-sectional area, \(l\) the original length and \(e\) the extension. Its S.I. unit is the pascal (\(\text{Pa}\)) or \(\text{N m}^{-2}\). A large value of \(E\) indicates a stiff material that is difficult to stretch.

Read lesson note on Temperature And Its Measurement (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Elasticity (JAMB)

Answer Details

(a) Tensile stress

Tensile stress is the stretching force acting per unit cross-sectional area of a material when it is subjected to a pull along its length.

\[ \text{Tensile stress} = \frac{\text{Force (tension)}}{\text{Cross-sectional area}} = \frac{F}{A} \]

Its S.I. unit is the pascal (\(\text{Pa}\)) or \(\text{N m}^{-2}\).

(b) Young's modulus

Young's modulus (the modulus of elasticity) is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain for a material, within the limit of proportionality (the region where Hooke's law holds).

\[ E = \frac{\text{tensile stress}}{\text{tensile strain}} = \frac{F/A}{e/l} = \frac{Fl}{Ae} \]

Read lesson note on Temperature And Its Measurement (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Elasticity (JAMB)

Temperature And Its Measurement

Elasticity

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Explain the following terms: (a) tensile stress; (b)Young’s modulus

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Explain the following terms: (a) tensile stress; (b)Young’s modulus

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