Read the information and study Fig. 1. A paramedic attends a music event where a person has taken an unknown drug and is showing signs of overheating, confu...

(a) The endocrine system carries chemical messages, called hormones, in the blood. [1]

(b) When temperature rises, sweating increases. Sweat evaporates from the skin, and evaporation transfers heat energy from the body to the surroundings. This lowers body temperature. [3]

(c) Severe overheating can denature enzymes. Enzyme-controlled reactions then slow down or stop, so cells and organs may be damaged or fail. [3]

(d) Appropriate actions include calling emergency services, moving the person to a cooler and less crowded place if safe, removing excess clothing or cooling with damp cloths, and monitoring breathing and level of response. If unconscious but breathing, place the person in the recovery position. Do not give more drugs or alcohol. Any three gain credit. [3]

(e) Unknown drugs have unpredictable contents and doses. They may increase body temperature or heart rate, while crowding and dancing increase heat production and dehydration. Confusion impairs judgement and increases injury risk; anxiety, panic or altered perception can affect mental health. Alcohol or other drugs can further increase risk. Any four points gain credit. [4]

(f) The paramedic should obtain any three of: the substance taken, amount taken, time taken, whether alcohol or other drugs were used, known medical conditions or medicines, and changes in symptoms or consciousness. [3]