A city is developing an Internet of Things (IoT) system to manage traffic and monitor air quality. Sensors at road junctions collect data about vehicle numb...
Question 1 Report
A city is developing an Internet of Things (IoT) system to manage traffic and monitor air quality. Sensors at road junctions collect data about vehicle numbers, pollution and available parking spaces. Data is sent through a local gateway, then stored on a cloud platform. Transport staff use a dashboard to change traffic-light timings. Some sensors are positioned close to homes and may collect information that can be linked to the movements of individuals.
(a) Identify components A and B. [2]
(b) State the role of component B. [1]
(c) Complete the diagram by naming components C and D. [2]
(d) Explain one advantage of processing some data at the gateway rather than sending all data to the cloud. [2]
(e) Give two cybersecurity measures that could protect data sent by this IoT system. [2]
(f) State one privacy concern caused by the system. [1]
(g) Complete labels 1, 2, 3 and 4 using these words once each: collects, transmits, stores/processes, controls. [4]
Answer Details
(a) A is a road/IoT sensor; B is a gateway [2].
(b) The gateway receives local sensor data and forwards it to the network/cloud; it may also process data locally [1].
(c) C is a cloud platform/server; D is a transport-management dashboard or transport staff device [2].
(d) Gateway processing can produce a faster response, such as changing lights without waiting for cloud communication. It can also reduce the amount of data transmitted [2].
(e) Encrypt data in transit and use strong passwords or multi-factor authentication [2]. Updated firmware, firewalls and restricted access permissions are also valid.
(f) Movement, vehicle or image data could identify individuals or reveal where they have been, creating a privacy concern [1].
(g) The labels are: 1 collects; 2 transmits; 3 stores/processes; 4 controls [4]. Sensors collect data, the gateway transmits it onward, the cloud stores/processes it, and the dashboard controls traffic-light timings.
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