A surgeon uses Fig. 3 when explaining a heart operation to a patient. The diagram shows four chambers and the major blood vessels. The patient has a fault i...
Question 1 Report
A surgeon uses Fig. 3 when explaining a heart operation to a patient. The diagram shows four chambers and the major blood vessels. The patient has a fault in valve P, which normally prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction. Blood arriving from the lungs enters the left side of the heart.
(a) Name the chamber that pumps blood to the whole body. [1]
(b) Describe two differences between the wall of this chamber and the wall of the right atrium. [2]
(c) Explain how valve P helps maintain an efficient blood supply to body cells. [2]
(d) State two substances, other than water, transported in blood plasma. [2]
Answer Details
(a) The chamber that pumps blood to the whole body is the left ventricle. [1]
(b) The left ventricle has a thicker wall than the right atrium and contains more muscle. This enables it to produce the greater pressure needed to pump blood around the whole body. [2]
(c) Valve P prevents backflow of blood. This ensures blood moves forwards, maintaining pressure and efficient pumping to body cells. [2]
(d) Blood plasma transports glucose and urea. [2] Amino acids, carbon dioxide and hormones are also acceptable.
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