(b) State two methods by which the surface tension of a liquid can be reduced.
(a) Surface tension is the force per unit length acting along (and at right angles to) an imaginary line drawn in the free surface of a liquid, tending to make the surface behave like a stretched elastic skin and to contract to the smallest possible area. Its unit is \(\text{N m}^{-1}\).
(b) Two methods of reducing the surface tension of a liquid:
Raising the temperature of the liquid.
Adding impurities such as soap, detergent or oil (surfactants) to the liquid.
(a) Surface tension is the force per unit length acting along (and at right angles to) an imaginary line drawn in the free surface of a liquid, tending to make the surface behave like a stretched elastic skin and to contract to the smallest possible area. Its unit is \(\text{N m}^{-1}\).
(b) Two methods of reducing the surface tension of a liquid:
Raising the temperature of the liquid.
Adding impurities such as soap, detergent or oil (surfactants) to the liquid.