The ratification of the appointment and dismissal of an Emir in the pre-colonial Fulani Empire was done by the

In the pre-colonial Fulani Empire, the ratification of the appointment and dismissal of an Emir was done by the Emirs of Gwandu and Sokoto. The Fulani Empire was a pre-colonial West African state that was formed by the Fulani people. The Emirs of Gwandu and Sokoto were two of the most powerful Emirs in the Fulani Empire. They were responsible for the appointment and dismissal of Emirs in the various Emirates within the empire. When a new Emir was appointed, the Emirs of Gwandu and Sokoto would be notified, and they would have to give their approval before the appointment could be confirmed. Similarly, when an Emir was dismissed, the Emirs of Gwandu and Sokoto would have to ratify the decision before it could be carried out. This system of ratification helped to ensure that the Emirs within the Fulani Empire were held accountable to a higher authority and that their actions were in line with the wishes of the ruling class.