Embedded systems are found in many everyday devices. (a) Describe what is meant by an embedded system. [2] (b) State three examples of devices that contain ...
Question 1 Report
Embedded systems are found in many everyday devices.
(a) Describe what is meant by an embedded system. [2]
(b) State three examples of devices that contain embedded systems. For each device, describe the task the embedded system performs. [2]
Answer Details
(a) An embedded system is a dedicated computer system built into a larger device to perform a specific, fixed function. [1] Unlike a general-purpose computer, it is designed for one task only. It typically contains a microprocessor, a small amount of memory and input/output interfaces, and runs a fixed program stored in ROM that does not change during normal operation. [1]
(b) Devices containing embedded systems include:
- Washing machine: the embedded system controls the wash cycle by reading sensor inputs (water temperature, water level) and controlling outputs (motor speed, inlet valve, heater element) to follow the programme selected by the user. [2]
- Microwave oven: the embedded system monitors the timer and power settings selected by the user, controls the magnetron and turntable motor, and stops heating when the set time has elapsed.
- Car engine management system: the embedded system reads data from sensors (oxygen sensor, temperature sensor, throttle position) and adjusts fuel injection timing and air-fuel mixture for efficient engine performance.
(Any three valid device-plus-task pairs earn the marks.)
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