(a) Define the term protocol in the context of data communication. [2] (b) State the purpose of each of the following protocols. (i) TCP/IP [1] (ii) FTP [1]...
Question 1 Report
(a) Define the term protocol in the context of data communication.
[2]
(b) State the purpose of each of the following protocols.
(i) TCP/IP
[1]
(ii) FTP
[1]
(iii) HTTP
[1]
Answer Details
(a) A protocol is a set of rules and standards [1] that govern how data is formatted, transmitted, and received between devices on a network [1]. Without agreed protocols, devices from different manufacturers would be unable to communicate because they would have no common language for structuring and interpreting data.
(b)(i) TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) is the suite of protocols that controls how data is broken into packets, addressed, transmitted, routed across networks, and received at the destination. [1] TCP ensures reliable delivery by managing packet sequencing and requesting retransmission of lost packets, while IP handles addressing and routing.
(b)(ii) FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files between a client and a server on a network. [1] It allows users to upload, download, rename, and delete files on a remote server.
(b)(iii) HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is used for requesting and delivering web pages between a web browser (client) and a web server. [1] When you type a URL into a browser, HTTP defines how the request is formatted and how the server responds with the page content.
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