Row Acid Salt formed 1 hydrochloric acid nitrate 2 sulfuric acid sulfate 3 nitric acid chloride 4 hydrochloric acid sulfate A salt is named after the acid f...
Question 1 Report
| Row | Acid | Salt formed |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | hydrochloric acid | nitrate |
| 2 | sulfuric acid | sulfate |
| 3 | nitric acid | chloride |
| 4 | hydrochloric acid | sulfate |
A salt is named after the acid from which it is made. The table lists four acids and a proposed salt. Which row correctly matches the acid to the type of salt it forms?
Answer Details
A salt is named after the acid it is made from, because the negative ion of the salt comes from the acid. Hydrochloric acid gives chlorides, sulfuric acid gives sulfates and nitric acid gives nitrates. Checking the table against that rule, only row 2 is right, since sulfuric acid does form a sulfate. For example \( \mathrm{H_2SO_4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Na_2SO_4(aq) + 2H_2O(l)} \).
The other rows swap the acids around: hydrochloric acid cannot make a nitrate or a sulfate, because it contains no nitrogen and no sulfur, and nitric acid cannot make a chloride, because it contains no chlorine. That is the check to apply. The elements in the salt must all be present in the reactants, since atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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