Fig. 2.1 shows a cross-section of a hand hoe blade as seen from the side. (a) On Fig. 2.1, label the following parts of the hoe: (i) the cutting edge [1] (i...

Labelled answer diagram:

(a) The three parts to label on the cross-section of the hoe blade (Fig. 2.1):

1. (i) Cutting edge - the thin, sharpened lower edge of the blade that contacts the soil and severs weed roots. [1]
2. (ii) Tang - the narrow metal extension that projects upward from the blade and is inserted into the wooden handle to connect them. [1]
3. (iii) Socket (eye) - the opening or sleeve where the wooden handle fits into and is secured to the hoe head. [1]

(b)(i) Two qualities of wood that make it suitable for tool handles:

1. Strong yet lightweight - wood provides enough strength to withstand the forces of digging and chopping while keeping the overall tool light enough for prolonged use. [1]
2. Shock absorption - wood absorbs vibrations from impact (hitting the ground or rocks), reducing the jarring transmitted to the user's hands and wrists. Metal or plastic handles would transmit far more vibration. [1]

(b)(ii) Fitting a new wooden handle to the hoe head:

1. Select a handle of the correct length and diameter for the socket. Shape the insertion end with a rasp or knife so that it tapers to fit snugly into the socket or eye. [1]
2. Push the handle into the socket and tap it firmly against a hard surface (or use a mallet) to seat it tightly. Then drive a wooden or metal wedge into the top of the handle inside the socket; the wedge forces the wood to expand outward, locking it in place and preventing the head from flying off during use. [1]

(c) Metal handles are uncommon for hand hoes because:

1. Heat conduction - metal absorbs and conducts heat from the sun, making the handle uncomfortably hot in tropical or summer conditions, whereas wood remains cool. [1]
2. Vibration and weight - metal transmits impact shock directly to the hands, causing rapid fatigue and blisters during extended hoeing. Metal handles are also heavier than wood, increasing the effort needed for each stroke. [1]