A text analysis program needs to calculate statistics for a sentence entered by the user. The program should count: The total number of characters (includin...

(a) The algorithm analyses a sentence to count total characters, letters only, spaces, and the length of the longest word. [4]

DECLARE Sentence : STRING
DECLARE TotalChars : INTEGER
DECLARE LetterCount : INTEGER
DECLARE SpaceCount : INTEGER
DECLARE LongestWord : INTEGER
DECLARE CurrentWordLen : INTEGER
DECLARE i : INTEGER
DECLARE Ch : CHAR

INPUT Sentence
TotalChars ← LENGTH(Sentence)
LetterCount ← 0
SpaceCount ← 0
LongestWord ← 0
CurrentWordLen ← 0

FOR i ← 1 TO TotalChars
    Ch ← Sentence[i]
    IF Ch = ' ' THEN
        SpaceCount ← SpaceCount + 1
        IF CurrentWordLen > LongestWord THEN
            LongestWord ← CurrentWordLen
        ENDIF
        CurrentWordLen ← 0
    ELSE
        IF (Ch >= 'A' AND Ch <= 'Z') OR (Ch >= 'a' AND Ch <= 'z') THEN
            LetterCount ← LetterCount + 1
            CurrentWordLen ← CurrentWordLen + 1
        ENDIF
    ENDIF
NEXT i

IF CurrentWordLen > LongestWord THEN
    LongestWord ← CurrentWordLen
ENDIF

OUTPUT "Total characters: ", TotalChars
OUTPUT "Letters: ", LetterCount
OUTPUT "Spaces: ", SpaceCount
OUTPUT "Longest word length: ", LongestWord

The total character count comes directly from LENGTH(Sentence) [1]. The loop checks each character: spaces increment the space counter and trigger a longest-word check, while letters increment both the letter counter and the current word length [1]. After the loop, a final check compares the last word (which has no trailing space) against the longest found so far [1].