Formulas And Terminology
Overview
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds, and carbon's talent for forming long chains and rings gives us millions of them. To make sense of so many compounds, chemists sort them into families that share a common reactive part. That shared part is the key to the whole subject.
In this lesson you will meet the idea of a homologous series, a family of compounds with the same functional group and the same general formula. You will learn what a functional group is and why every member of a family reacts in much the same way.
Objectives
- Draw and interpret the displayed formula of a molecule to show all the atoms and all the bonds.
- Write and interpret general formulae of compounds in the same homologous series, limited to: (a) alkanes, C H n 2n+2 (b) alkenes, C H n 2n (c) alcohols, C H OH n 2n+1 (d) carboxylic acids, C H COOH n 2n+1.
- Identify a functional group as an atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a homologous series.
- [Supplement] State that a structural formula is an unambiguous description of the way the atoms in a molecule are arranged, including CH =CH , 2 2 CH CH OH, CH COOCH 3 2 3 3.
- [Supplement] Define structural isomers as compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae, including C H as 4 10 CH CH CH CH and CH CH(CH )CH and 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 C H as CH CH CH=CH and CH CH=CHCH 4 8 3 2 2 3 3.
Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Formulas And Terminology. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same: A. Colour B. Functional group and general formula C. Number of atoms D. Boiling point Answer: B
- The functional group of the alkenes is: A. -OH B. -COOH C. C=C double bond D. C-C single bond Answer: C
- Successive members of a homologous series differ by: A. CH4 B. CH2 C. H2O D. CO2 Answer: B
- The general formula of the alkanes is: A. CnH2n B. CnH2n+2 C. CnH2n+1OH D. CnH2n-2 Answer: B
- A functional group is the part of a molecule that determines its: A. Mass B. Colour C. Chemical reactions D. State Answer: C
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
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