Water Sources And Supply
Overview
Turn on a tap and clean water flows out, as if by magic. Yet that water has travelled an extraordinary journey: it may have evaporated from a tropical ocean, drifted as cloud across a continent, fallen as rain on a distant hill, soaked deep into rock and waited there for years before being pumped to your home. Understanding where fresh water comes from, and why some people have far too little of it, is one of the most important ideas in environmental management.
In this lesson you will follow water around its endless cycle, meet the four great sources humans draw on, and learn how raw water is treated until it is safe to drink. You will weigh up desalination plants and multipurpose dams, the giant engineering projects that bring water to dry lands, and see why a country that is rich in rainfall is not always rich in water for its people.
Objectives
- 3.1.1 Describe and interpret the water cycle, limited to: (a) stores: salt water (oceans) and fresh water (ice sheets and glaciers, ground water, atmosphere and lakes and rivers) (b) transfers: precipitation, interception, surface run-off, infiltration, through-flow, ground water flow, transpiration, evaporation and condensation.
- 3.1.2 Describe the sources of fresh water used by people, limited to: (a) atmosphere: rain and snow (b) surface water: rivers, lakes and reservoirs (c) ground water: aquifers and wells (d) oceans: desalination plants.
- 3.1.3 Identify the world’s oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern and Arctic.
- 3.1.4 Define potable water as water that is safe to drink.
- 3.1.5 Describe the stages in water treatment to make water potable, limited to: (a) screening (b) sedimentation (c) filtration (d) chlorination.
- 3.1.6 Compare the availability of potable water in different parts of the world, limited to: (a) water-rich and water-poor regions (b) urban and rural regions (c) global inequalities in water availability and sewage treatment.
- 3.1.7 Describe the process of desalination, limited to: (a) distillation: water heated until it boils, salt remains in the liquid, steam is pure water, steam is cooled and condensed to form potable water (b) reverse osmosis: water is put under high pressure, passed through a membrane, membrane allows water molecules to pass through but stops most ions and other molecules.
- 3.1.8 Discuss the benefits and limitations of desalination.
- 3.1.9 Describe the uses of a multipurpose dam, limited to: (a) flood control (b) hydro-electric power (c) irrigation (d) storage of water (e) transport (f) recreation (g) tourism (h) fish farming.
- 3.1.10 Discuss the benefits and limitations of a multipurpose dam.
Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Water Sources And Supply. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- Which transfer in the water cycle describes water seeping into the soil? A. evaporation B. infiltration C. condensation D. transpiration Answer: B
- Potable water is water that is: A. found in the ocean B. used only for irrigation C. safe to drink D. stored in an aquifer Answer: C
- Which is the correct order of water treatment stages? A. chlorination, filtration, sedimentation, screening B. screening, sedimentation, filtration, chlorination C. filtration, screening, chlorination, sedimentation D. sedimentation, chlorination, screening, filtration Answer: B
- In reverse osmosis, salt water is made potable by: A. boiling it and condensing the steam B. adding chlorine C. pushing it through a membrane under high pressure D. letting particles settle out Answer: C
- Which is a benefit of a multipurpose dam? A. it traps fertile silt B. it blocks fish migration C. it generates hydro-electric power D. it floods farmland Answer: C
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
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