Manufacturing Accounts
Overview
Most businesses you have studied so far buy goods and sell them again unchanged. A manufacturer is different: it takes raw material, adds labour and other costs, and makes the goods it sells. That extra activity needs an extra statement, the manufacturing account, whose single job is to work out exactly what it cost to produce the finished goods during the year. Get that figure right and the rest of the financial statements fall neatly into place.
In this lesson you will learn to tell direct costs from indirect ones, build up the prime cost and then the cost of production, and adjust for goods left half-finished at the year end. You will see how the cost of production flows into the income statement to give gross profit, and how the leftover inventories appear in the statement of financial position. Master this and you can read a factory's accounts with confidence.
Objectives
- direct and indirect costs.
- direct material, direct labour, prime cost and factory overheads.
- how to make adjustments for work in progress.
- how to calculate factory cost of production.
- how to prepare manufacturing accounts, statements of profit or loss and statements of financial position.
- how to make adjustments to financial statements as detailed in 5.1 (sole traders).
Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Manufacturing Accounts. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- Which of the following is a direct cost in a manufacturing account? A. Factory rent B. Depreciation of factory machinery C. Wages of workers who make the product D. Office salaries Answer: C
- Opening raw material inventory $8 000, purchases $50 000, carriage inwards $2 000, closing raw material inventory $6 000. What is the cost of material consumed? A. $52 000 B. $54 000 C. $56 000 D. $58 000 Answer: B
- Prime cost $164 000 and factory overheads $38 000. Opening work in progress $5 000 and closing work in progress $7 000. What is the cost of production? A. $200 000 B. $202 000 C. $204 000 D. $209 000 Answer: A
- Which item is NEVER included in a manufacturing account? A. Direct expenses B. Revenue C. Indirect factory wages D. Carriage on raw material Answer: B
- Cost of production $475 000 for 20 000 completed units. What is the cost per unit? A. $19.00 B. $23.75 C. $25.00 D. $42.10 Answer: B
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
Available on the Green Bridge App
Download the Green Bridge CBT app on your phone or computer to access full lesson notes, practice questions, and more.
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