Respiratory System
Overview
Walk into an overcrowded broiler house near Ogbomoso at midday and you will hear it before you see it: hundreds of birds standing with beaks open, wings held slightly away from the body, breathing fast and shallow. A healthy animal's breathing is something you barely notice. A struggling one announces itself through its breathing long before anything else goes visibly wrong, which is exactly why WAEC expects you to know this system cold.
In this lesson you will trace air on its journey from the nostrils to the alveolus, the microscopic sac where the real work of breathing happens, and learn exactly how oxygen and carbon dioxide swap places there by simple diffusion. You will learn the full range of jobs the respiratory system performs beyond gas exchange, draw a sharp line between external respiration in the lungs and internal respiration inside body cells, and connect all of it to something every farmer must watch for: a rising breathing rate, a cough, or a poorly ventilated house that turns a healthy flock into a sick one.
Objectives
- Define respiration
- Identify the parts of the respiratory system
- Explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in farm animals
- State the functions of the respiratory system
- Distinguish between external and internal respiration
Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Respiratory System. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- Which part of the respiratory system is the actual site of gaseous exchange? A. Trachea B. Bronchus C. Alveolus D. Nostril Answer: C
- The mechanical process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: A. Respiration B. Breathing C. Diffusion D. Rumination Answer: B
- During external respiration, oxygen moves from the alveolar air into the blood mainly by: A. Osmosis B. Active transport C. Diffusion D. Filtration Answer: C
- Which of the following best describes internal (cellular) respiration? A. Exchange of gases between alveolar air and blood B. Movement of air into and out of the lungs C. Release of energy from food inside body cells using oxygen D. Filtering of dust by the nostrils Answer: C
- A farmer notices his broilers panting heavily and several coughing in an overcrowded, poorly ventilated house. This is most likely a sign of: A. Normal digestion B. A respiratory problem linked to poor ventilation C. Healthy growth D. Excess appetite Answer: B
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Recommended Books
Past Questions
Wondering what past questions for this topic looks like? Here are a number of questions about Respiratory System from previous years
Question 1 Report
(a) State four functions of carbohydrates in farm animals.
(b) List four organs associated with respiration in farm animals.
(c) Mention two diseases that affects the respiratory system of farm animals
(d) Define the fol-lowing terms as used in animal physiology: (i) exhalation (ii) inhalation (iii) peristalsis (iv) ovulation (v) rumination.