JAMB UTME - Government - 2017

The totality of Nigeria's participation in the international system is known as ______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

These are policy at which all the citizen shows concern to politics and the society. It is the means by which welfare state and economic performance can be meet.

A major difference between a pressure group and a political party is that whereas the latter aims at winning power the former__________?

Maelezo ya Majibu

A major difference between a pressure group and a political party is that whereas the latter aims at winning power, the former aims at influencing government policies. A political party is an organized group of people with similar political beliefs and goals that seeks to win elections in order to gain control of the government and implement their policies. Political parties aim to have their candidates elected to public office so that they can exercise power and make decisions that reflect their party's principles. On the other hand, a pressure group is a group of individuals or organizations that share a common interest or goal and try to influence government policies and decisions without seeking to win political power. Pressure groups work to promote their specific interests and causes by lobbying politicians, holding protests, engaging in public education campaigns, and using other means to influence public opinion and policy. Therefore, the main objective of a pressure group is to influence the policies of the government rather than to win political power or elections. Unlike political parties, pressure groups do not seek to hold public office or govern the country. Instead, they work to shape public opinion and bring attention to their causes by putting pressure on those in power to adopt policies that align with their goals.

In the 1976 reforms and the local government generally, which regime constitutes the Ibrahim panel of 1984?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The Ibrahim panel of 1984 was a committee set up by the Major General Muhammadu Buhari Administration in Nigeria. The committee was named after its chairman, Alhaji Ahmed Joda Ibrahim, and was tasked with reviewing the reforms carried out in the country's local government system by the previous government. To provide some context, in 1976, the military government of General Murtala Ramat Mohammed carried out a major restructuring of Nigeria's local government system. This restructuring involved the creation of new local government areas and the introduction of a system of democratically elected officials at the local government level. However, some critics argued that the reforms were not properly implemented and were riddled with corruption. When Major General Muhammadu Buhari came to power in a military coup in 1983, he set up the Ibrahim panel to review the local government reforms of 1976. The panel was tasked with assessing the effectiveness and impact of the reforms, identifying any weaknesses or shortcomings, and making recommendations for improvement. In summary, the Ibrahim panel of 1984 was a committee set up by the Major General Muhammadu Buhari Administration to review the local government reforms carried out by the previous government in 1976.

A formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office is ___ ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

A formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office is called an election. An election is a process in which eligible members of a population, such as citizens of a country, vote to choose a representative who will hold a public office, such as a political leader or government official. The individuals who are running for the office typically campaign to persuade voters to choose them, often by presenting their views on various issues and outlining their qualifications and experience. On the day of the election, eligible voters cast their ballots, either in person or by mail, and the votes are tallied to determine the winner. The candidate who receives the most votes is then elected to the public office. Elections are a key feature of democratic societies, as they provide citizens with the opportunity to choose their leaders and have a say in how their government is run. They also help ensure that those who hold public office are accountable to the people they serve.

The primary source of fund for local government is ________?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The primary source of fund for local government is statutory allocation. Statutory allocation is a portion of the national revenue that is set aside by the federal government for distribution to local governments. This allocation is derived from various sources such as taxes, tariffs, and other forms of revenue generated by the federal government. The allocation is usually distributed on a monthly basis to each local government based on the revenue generated by the federal government. Grants are another source of funding for local governments, but they are not the primary source. Grants are typically provided by the federal or state government for specific projects or initiatives. Loans are also another source of funding, but they are usually not a primary source, as local governments may have to pay back the loans with interest, which can be difficult to do with limited revenue. Fines may generate revenue, but they are not a reliable source of income, as they are dependent on the occurrence of specific events, such as violations of laws or regulations.

Iran, Iraq and which countries first created OPEC?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The essence of ECOWAS is to________

Maelezo ya Majibu

The essence of ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) is to foster economic and political cooperation among its member states in West Africa. This means that the organization aims to promote trade and investment among its members, as well as to enhance regional integration and development. Additionally, ECOWAS works to promote peace and security in the region through conflict prevention and resolution mechanisms. In summary, ECOWAS seeks to bring West African countries closer together in order to improve the well-being and prosperity of their people.

The organ of the UN that served as eustodiait of some African countries prior to their independence is _________?

Maelezo ya Majibu

They are the main body charged with the responsibility of policy-making and representative organ of the UN.

The 1976 Local government reforms was embarked upon by the central government under the leadership of ______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The 1976 Local government reforms were embarked upon by the central government under the leadership of General Olusegun Obasanjo. Local government reforms refer to the changes made to the administration of local government areas in a country. In Nigeria, the 1976 Local government reforms were aimed at restructuring the local government system to make it more efficient and effective. General Olusegun Obasanjo was the Head of State of Nigeria from 1976 to 1979, and it was during his administration that the 1976 Local government reforms were implemented. The reforms aimed to improve the delivery of services to citizens at the grassroots level, promote participatory democracy, and strengthen local government autonomy. The reforms created a three-tiered local government structure in Nigeria, consisting of local government councils, area councils, and state independent electoral commissions. The local government councils were responsible for the administration of local government areas, while the area councils were responsible for administering the rural areas. The state independent electoral commissions were established to conduct local government elections. In summary, General Olusegun Obasanjo was the leader of Nigeria at the time the 1976 Local government reforms were embarked upon by the central government to restructure the local government system to make it more efficient and effective.

The organ that is responsible for the interpretation of law is known as _____?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The organ that is responsible for the interpretation of law is the Judiciary. The Judiciary is the branch of government responsible for interpreting and enforcing the laws. It is made up of a system of courts, including the Supreme Court, which is the highest court in the land and is responsible for making final decisions on important legal cases. The Judiciary acts as a check on the power of the other branches of government, ensuring that they act within the bounds of the law and protecting the rights of citizens. In short, the Judiciary interprets the law and ensures that it is followed, making it an essential part of a democratic system of government.

Which of the following emphasizes the rule of law and human right protection?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Constitutionalism emphasizes the rule of law and human rights protection. Constitutionalism refers to the idea that a country's government and its laws are bound by a written constitution that sets out the powers and limitations of each branch of government. This means that the government and its officials are not above the law and must operate within the framework established by the constitution. Constitutionalism also places a strong emphasis on protecting human rights. The constitution typically includes a bill of rights that outlines the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals, such as freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and due process. The government and its officials are required to respect and protect these rights, and individuals have legal recourse if their rights are violated. In summary, constitutionalism is a system of government that prioritizes the rule of law and the protection of human rights through the use of a written constitution.

New partnership for Africa's development was an attempt to overcome _______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) was an attempt to overcome obstacles to African development. NEPAD was established in 2001 as a framework for Africa's socio-economic development, with the aim of promoting sustainable growth and reducing poverty on the continent. NEPAD was launched as a response to the challenges that Africa faced in achieving its development goals, such as underdevelopment, poverty, and the marginalization of Africa in the global economy. It recognized that a new approach to development was needed, one that emphasized the importance of good governance, accountability, and transparency, as well as increased investment in critical areas such as infrastructure, health, education, and agriculture. By focusing on these key areas, NEPAD sought to create an environment that would attract private investment and promote economic growth, while also addressing the underlying causes of poverty and underdevelopment in Africa. It was not specifically designed to overcome civil wars, diseases, or coups in Africa, but rather to create a framework for sustainable development that would address the root causes of these issues.

In the year 1911, who argued most representative system deteriorates towards an Oligarchy or Patriarchy?

Maelezo ya Majibu

He is the author of the book "Political Parties" argues that most representative systems deteriorates towards an Oligarchy or Patriarchy in the year 1911

Bills passed by the legislature usually requires the approval of the following except_______

Maelezo ya Majibu

They do not have the constitutional right to approve bill

Which of the following is a process of military disengagement from Nigeria politics?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The conduct of free and fair elections is a process of military disengagement from Nigeria politics. Historically, the Nigerian military has played a significant role in the country's politics, often intervening in civilian government affairs and even seizing power in military coups. This military involvement in politics has led to instability and a lack of democratic governance in Nigeria. One way to end the military's dominance in politics is by conducting free and fair elections. This means that the electoral process is transparent, inclusive, and allows for the participation of all eligible citizens, regardless of their political affiliations. Free and fair elections also involve the presence of independent electoral bodies that oversee the entire process and ensure that the results are credible and acceptable. By conducting free and fair elections, the military can begin to disengage from politics and allow civilian government to take root. When the electoral process is credible and accepted by all, civilian leaders can legitimately assume power and carry out the necessary reforms to strengthen democratic governance. In summary, the conduct of free and fair elections is a process of military disengagement from Nigeria politics. It helps to establish democratic governance and creates an environment where civilian leaders can legitimately assume power without interference from the military.

In the 18th century, a new wind of development blow over Europe and the development was referred to__________?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The new wind of development that blew over Europe in the 18th century is referred to as the Industrial Revolution. This was a period of significant technological advancement, particularly in the manufacturing industry. It involved the introduction of new machines, methods, and processes that enabled mass production of goods. This, in turn, led to increased productivity, improved quality of goods, and reduced production costs. The Industrial Revolution brought about a significant shift from manual labor to machine-based production, which paved the way for modern industrialization. The effects of the Industrial Revolution were felt not only in Europe but also in other parts of the world and had a lasting impact on the global economy, society, and culture.

Dispute among member state of ECOWAS are settled by _________?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Disputes among member states of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) are settled by the Community Tribunal. The Community Tribunal is an independent judicial body within ECOWAS responsible for settling disputes between member states and between individuals and member states. It provides a platform for resolving conflicts and disputes through a fair and impartial legal process, helping to maintain peace and stability within the region.

Ensuring that appointment into federal establishment in Nigeria reflect geographical spread is the sole function of the ____?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Ensuring that appointment into federal establishment in Nigeria reflect geographical spread is the sole function of the Federal Character Commission. The Federal Character Commission is an agency in Nigeria that is responsible for ensuring that the distribution of federal government appointments and resources is fairly balanced across the country's different states and ethnic groups. The aim of the Commission is to promote national unity and reduce tensions by ensuring that no one region or group feels excluded or marginalized. The Commission carries out its work by collecting data on the demographics of federal employees and comparing it to the population of each state, and making recommendations for how to correct any imbalances.

The elective principle was introduced by which constitution?

Maelezo ya Majibu

When was the Nigeria flag designed?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The Nigeria flag was designed in 1959. It was the result of a national competition held to choose a new design for the country's flag ahead of its independence from British colonial rule. The competition was open to the public, and entries were received from all over the country. The winning design was created by a Nigerian student named Michael Taiwo Akinkunmi, who was studying in London at the time. Akinkunmi's design featured three vertical stripes of equal width: two green stripes on the edges and a white stripe in the middle. The green stripes represent Nigeria's agricultural wealth, while the white stripe symbolizes peace. The flag was officially hoisted on October 1, 1960, to mark Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule. In summary, the Nigeria flag was designed in 1959 as a result of a national competition, and it was officially hoisted on October 1, 1960.

The United Nations is a replacement for which ineffective organisation?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The first international organisation whose principle was to maintain world peace but later replaced by United Nations

Early nationalist activities manifested in the form of _____?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Participation on government process on a regional level led to early motion for self government.

he identifiable spheres of control which the central government exercise over local government is known as ____?

Maelezo ya Majibu

One of the demerits of the privatization of public corporations in Nigeria is ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

One of the problem of privatisation was due to the fact that their was to make profit, thereby affecting the consumer.

The transfer of certain powers and functions by means of constitutional or legislation process to the lowest levels of government is known as ___ ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The appointment and dissolution of the board of directors of the public corporation fall under _______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The appointment and dissolution of the board of directors of a public corporation fall under ministerial control. This means that it is the responsibility of the relevant government ministry or department to oversee the appointment and dissolution of the board of directors of a public corporation. Typically, the appointment of the board of directors is made by the government ministry or department responsible for overseeing the public corporation. This is often done through a process of nomination, vetting, and approval. Once appointed, the board of directors is responsible for the overall direction and management of the public corporation, including making strategic decisions and overseeing its operations. The dissolution of the board of directors can also be carried out by the government ministry or department responsible for overseeing the public corporation. This may be done for various reasons, such as underperformance or misconduct. The ministry or department will typically have the authority to remove individual directors or dissolve the entire board and appoint a new one. In summary, the appointment and dissolution of the board of directors of a public corporation fall under ministerial control, which means that it is the responsibility of the relevant government ministry or department to oversee these processes.

The African country that was not colonized is ______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The African country that was not colonized by European powers is Ethiopia. Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa and has a long history of independence and resistance against European colonization. Despite attempts by Italian forces to conquer Ethiopia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Ethiopian forces, led by Emperor Menelik II, successfully defended their sovereignty and defeated the Italians at the Battle of Adwa in 1896. This victory marked a significant turning point in African history and helped to inspire other African nations in their struggles against colonialism.

The head of government under the 1979 Constitution is the _____

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the United States, what do they call by-election?

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the United States, a by-election is typically called a "special election." A special election is a type of election held outside of the regular election cycle to fill an unexpected vacancy in an elected office, such as a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives or the U.S. Senate, or a state or local office. Special elections are usually held when a sitting elected official resigns, dies, or is removed from office before their term is up. The purpose of a special election is to ensure that the affected constituency is represented in the interim until the next regular election cycle.

The indirect dimension of changing the government is known as ___ ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The term used for the indirect or illegal dimension of changing the government.

Laws enacted by the legislature are known as ___ ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is "Legislation." When we talk about laws, we often think of them as rules that we have to follow. These rules are created by the government, which is made up of different branches. The branch that creates laws is called the legislature. The legislature is made up of elected representatives who create, debate, and vote on laws. Once a law is passed by the legislature, it is called legislation. The legislation can then be signed into law by the executive branch, which is responsible for enforcing the laws. So, in summary, laws created by the legislature are known as legislation.

The granting of internal authority to the regions came under which constitution?

Maelezo ya Majibu

This constitution was the only constitution that granted Internal authority

Bye laws are made by the _______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Bye-laws are made by the legislature. Bye-laws are a set of rules or regulations that are made by local authorities or organizations to supplement existing laws or to provide detailed guidance on how to comply with them. These laws can cover a range of issues, including public health and safety, environmental protection, and social conduct. The legislature is responsible for making laws at the national or local level, depending on the jurisdiction. They have the power to create and modify laws that govern the behavior of citizens and organizations within their jurisdiction. In the case of bye-laws, the legislature delegates some of this authority to local authorities or organizations to create specific rules that are relevant to their communities or industries. In summary, the legislature is responsible for making bye-laws to provide detailed guidance on how to comply with existing laws and regulations, and to supplement them where necessary.

The legal right to exercise power in a state is known as______

Maelezo ya Majibu

________ is the art of wearing campaign paraphernalia or carrying signs to a polling centre with the intent of influencing voters?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Passive electioneering is the act of wearing campaign paraphernalia or carrying signs to a polling center with the intent of influencing voters. This is considered a form of campaigning, but is called "passive" because it does not involve actively approaching voters and trying to persuade them to vote for a particular candidate. Instead, it is simply a way for supporters of a candidate to show their support and make their presence known to voters in the area.

The system of government by the political parties in a democratic country is known as ______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The system of government by the political parties in a democratic country is known as the Party System. A party system is a framework that organizes political parties and their competition for power in a democratic society. It refers to the number of parties that exist in a country, their ideologies, and their relationships with each other. A party system provides a way for citizens to participate in politics, elect representatives, and hold them accountable for their actions. In a party system, political parties compete for public office, with the goal of winning elections and implementing their policies. Different party systems can exist, such as a two-party system, multi-party system, or a dominant-party system. The party system of a country is important as it affects the political stability, the ability to form coalitions, and the representation of various interests in the political process. Therefore, the system of government by the political parties in a democratic country is known as the Party System, which is a crucial element of a functioning democracy.

The primary reason for the establishment of political parties is to _______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The primary reason for the establishment of political parties is to attain political power. Political parties are organizations that are formed by individuals who share similar political beliefs and values, and they seek to gain power by winning elections. The goal of a political party is to put their candidates in positions of authority and influence, so that they can implement their policies and agendas. By winning elections, political parties can gain control of government institutions such as the legislature, executive and judiciary, and use that power to shape the direction of a country's political, social and economic policies. Therefore, the ultimate goal of political parties is to attain political power, which allows them to pursue their political objectives and implement their policies.

The Constitutional forms with two levels of Government is _________

Maelezo ya Majibu

The constitutional form with two levels of government is known as a federal system of government. In a federal system, power is shared between a central government and multiple regional governments. Both levels of government have their own distinct powers and responsibilities, as outlined in the constitution. This means that certain matters, such as national defense and foreign policy, are handled by the central government, while other matters, such as education and transportation, may be handled by the regional governments. Each level of government is considered sovereign within its own sphere of authority, which means that neither level can infringe on the other's powers. This balance of power between the central and regional governments helps to prevent any one level from becoming too dominant and infringing on the rights of citizens. Examples of federal systems include the United States, Canada, Australia, and Germany.

The Characteristics of the Civil Servants which prevents it's officers from addressing the press unless directed is known as ________

Maelezo ya Majibu

This is used to describe situations where the acting person's name is unknown

Division of responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any branches from exercising the core functions of another is _______?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct term is "separation of powers." Separation of powers is a system of government in which power is divided among different branches, such as the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The purpose of this system is to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful or abusing its authority. In this system, each branch has its own distinct responsibilities and powers, and these powers are carefully balanced to prevent any one branch from becoming dominant. For example, the legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch is responsible for enforcing laws, and the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting laws. The separation of powers is an important principle in many modern democracies, including the United States, and is intended to promote accountability, prevent abuse of power, and ensure that government serves the interests of the people.