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Swali 1 Ripoti
Public corporations can be controlled by
Maelezo ya Majibu
The courts can declare any act made by some corporations illegal or unconstitutional. This is done when they are breaching the Act upon which they are set up.
Swali 2 Ripoti
As a non-aligned state, Nigeria attended the second meeting of the non-Aligned Movement that took place in Cairo, Egypt in
Maelezo ya Majibu
Nigeria, as a non-aligned state, attended the second meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement, which took place in 1964 in Cairo, Egypt. The Non-Aligned Movement is an international organization of countries that aimed to remain independent or neutral in the rivalry between the major world powers during the Cold War, specifically between the United States and the Soviet Union. This meeting allowed countries like Nigeria to express their independence and promote their interests without aligning formally with either of the two superpower blocs of that time. By attending this meeting in 1964, Nigeria demonstrated its commitment to this stance of neutrality.
Swali 3 Ripoti
The commander of the army under the Hausa/ Fulani pre-colonial administration was
Maelezo ya Majibu
Under the Hausa/Fulani pre-colonial administration, the **commander of the army** was known as the Madawaki. The Hausa/Fulani societies in pre-colonial times had an organized political structure in which roles and titles were clearly defined. The Madawaki was charged with the responsibility of leading the army, planning military strategies, and ensuring the security and defense of the state.
In contrast, other titles like Waziri, Galadima, and Maaji were associated with different administrative or advisory roles. The Waziri acted as the chief adviser or prime minister to the ruler, the Galadima was responsible for the administration of a particular province or area, while the Maaji handled financial matters and the treasury. Each of these roles was crucial to the functioning of the state, but the primary responsibility for military leadership rested with the Madawaki.
Swali 4 Ripoti
Before a treaty can be binding on a country, it has to be approved by the
Maelezo ya Majibu
Before a treaty can be binding on a country, it typically has to be approved by the legislature. This is because the legislative branch of government is usually responsible for making laws and approving international agreements. The process involves a few key steps. First, the treaty is negotiated and signed by members of the executive branch, such as the president or prime minister and other officials. However, signature alone does not mean the treaty is fully accepted. To ensure that the treaty is consistent with the country's laws and policies, the legislature must review and ratify it.
Once the legislature has examined the treaty, they may hold debates and discussions to assess its implications. They need to ensure that the treaty aligns with the country's national interest and legal framework. If the legislature agrees, they will give their consent, thereby making the treaty legally binding. This legislative approval process allows for checks and balances in government, ensuring that the treaty undergoes thorough scrutiny by representatives of the people.
The judiciary is not directly involved in the treaty approval process; instead, they interpret laws and may address any legal disputes regarding treaties. The military does not play a role in approving treaties; their role is more about implementing defense-related strategies and policies that may arise from such treaties once they are enacted.
Swali 5 Ripoti
The judgement that ceded and transferred Bakassi legal title from Nigeria to Cameroon was delivered by
Maelezo ya Majibu
The judgement that ceded and transferred the Bakassi Peninsula's legal title from Nigeria to Cameroon was delivered by the International Court of Justice (ICJ). This court is the primary judicial branch of the United Nations, whose role is to settle legal disputes submitted by states and give advisory opinions on legal matters. The ICJ's decision was based on various historical treaties and agreements as well as international law, following a lengthy legal process. In October 2002, the ICJ ruled that the territory legally belonged to Cameroon, and this led to the eventual transfer of the disputed region. Understanding this jurisdiction and the case's global significance can help comprehend international territorial disputes and the function of the ICJ.
Swali 6 Ripoti
naturalised citizen can lose his citizenship if found guilty of
Maelezo ya Majibu
A naturalized citizen is someone who has obtained citizenship by fulfilling the legal criteria set by a country. However, even after becoming a citizen, certain serious offenses can lead to the revocation of one's citizenship.
The offense that can lead to the loss of citizenship for a naturalized citizen is treason. Treason is defined as the act of betraying one's own country by attempting to overthrow the government or harming the nation's sovereignty.
This is because treason signifies a fundamental betrayal of the nation's trust and security. Countries take this offense very seriously, as it poses a direct threat to national security and the well-being of its citizens.
On the other hand, offenses such as evading taxes, electoral violence, or loitering, although potentially serious, do not typically result in the loss of citizenship. These crimes are usually addressed through other legal penalties like fines, imprisonment, or other corrective measures.
Swali 7 Ripoti
Absence of a Red-tape is a merit of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The **absence of red tape** is typically considered a merit of a **unitary government structure**.
Here's why:
Overall, the **unitary structure** is seen as an efficient means to enact policies and changes due to the **reduction of procedural hurdles** that are more common in other government structures.
Swali 8 Ripoti
Dual citizenship was a feature of the
Maelezo ya Majibu
Dual citizenship was a feature of the French colonial system.
In the French colonial system, the concept of dual citizenship existed under the idea called "assimilation." This meant that individuals living in French colonies, if they adopted French culture, language, and law, could gain some rights similar to those of French citizens. However, this was not automatic and usually applied to a select group within the colonies.
The French had two main groups in their colonies: "citoyens," who were considered full French citizens and had extensive rights, and "sujets," who were subjects of the French Empire with fewer rights. Through the process of assimilation, a subject could become a citizen, thus obtaining French citizenship while retaining their original identity, thereby leading to the idea of dual citizenship.
This approach was somewhat unique to the French system compared to other colonial systems where such a concept did not prominently exist.
Swali 9 Ripoti
Which of these colonial constitutions in Nigeria endured for the longest period?
Maelezo ya Majibu
The colonial constitution in Nigeria that endured for the longest period was the Clifford Constitution. It was introduced by Governor Hugh Clifford in 1922 and remained in effect until the introduction of the Macpherson Constitution in 1951. Therefore, the Clifford Constitution lasted approximately 29 years.
The Clifford Constitution is significant because it introduced the first electoral system, allowing Nigerians to elect representatives to the legislative council in Lagos and Calabar. This introduction marked the beginning of elective representation in Nigeria. The Clifford Constitution also laid the foundation for future constitutional developments by encouraging political consciousness and participation among Nigerians.
Swali 10 Ripoti
Under the Hausa pre-colonial administration, the office of the Prime Minister is usually occupied by
Maelezo ya Majibu
In Hausa pre-colonial administration, the office of the Prime Minister was usually occupied by the Waziri. The Hausa societies during pre-colonial times had a well-structured and organized system of governance similar to a centralized form of government.
The Sarki, or king, was the head of the administration, but he had a council of officials to help with governance. Among these officials, the Waziri was considered the most important after the king. He played a significant role in administration, acting as the chief advisor and assistant to the Sarki. The Waziri was responsible for advising the Sarki on state matters and often managed day-to-day administrative duties, making him equivalent to what we might think of as a Prime Minister today.
The Galadima was usually responsible for the affairs of the city, and the Madawaki typically handled military matters, specifically relating to cavalry. Thus, the role of the Waziri was more aligned with the duties of a Prime Minister.
Swali 11 Ripoti
The leader of the Oyo Mesi in the Yoruba pre-colonial political system was
Maelezo ya Majibu
In the Yoruba pre-colonial political system, the **Oyo Mesi** was a powerful council of chiefs that had significant influence over the governance of the Oyo Empire. The leader of the Oyo Mesi was known as the **Bashorun**. The Bashorun held a position of great authority and was the most senior member of the Oyo Mesi. This individual was responsible for advising the king, known as the Alaafin of Oyo, and played a crucial role in the checks and balances within the political structure.
The Oyo Mesi, including the Bashorun, acted as a form of counterbalance to the monarchial power of the Alaafin, ensuring that the king did not rule as an autocrat. In times when the king lost the confidence of the Oyo Mesi, it was the Bashorun's responsibility to perform specific rituals that could potentially lead to the deposition of the king. Therefore, the role of the Bashorun as the leader of the Oyo Mesi was vital to maintaining the political stability and governance of the empire.
Swali 12 Ripoti
The principle of civil service that guarantees the employment of public workers is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The principle of civil service that guarantees the employment of public workers is permanence.
Permanence refers to the idea that civil servants have stable and long-term employment. Once they are appointed to a civil service position, they usually remain in that position or within the civil service system for most of their working life, provided they perform satisfactorily and comply with the rules and regulations of public service. This stability means they are not subject to frequent job changes, political transitions, or arbitrary dismissals.
The concept of permanence helps maintain a professional and efficient bureaucracy. Civil servants can focus on implementing policies and serving the public rather than worrying about job security. It also helps to ensure that the institution retains skilled and experienced personnel over time.
Swali 13 Ripoti
A form of government where the powers of the state is determined by the citizens is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The form of government where the powers of the state are determined by the citizens is Democracy.
In a Democracy, the power to make decisions about laws, policies, and the leadership of the country is vested in the hands of the people. This is typically done through various forms of participation such as voting in elections. When citizens vote for their leaders and on specific political issues, they exercise their power to shape the way the government operates.
A Democracy is characterized by several core principles:
In contrast to other forms of government such as Monarchy, Aristocracy, and Autocracy, where power is held by one person or a specific group, a Democracy ensures that the power rests with the people, making it the most inclusive form of governance.
Swali 14 Ripoti
Formation of political parties in Nigeria is one of the features of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The formation of political parties in Nigeria is one of the features of the Clifford Constitution that was introduced in 1922. This constitution facilitated the establishment of legislative councils and allowed for the election of Nigerian members, although on a limited scale, to the legislative council in Lagos and Calabar. This political framework became a significant breeding ground for political activism.
One of the notable outcomes of this constitution was the emergence of political parties. The most significant of these was the **Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP)**, founded by Herbert Macaulay in 1923. This was the first political party in Nigeria, marking the birth of organized political movements that aimed to represent the interests of Nigerians in governance.
In summary, the Clifford Constitution laid down the groundwork for political participation and introduced elements of electoral democracy, such as electing members to the legislative councils. This setting provided the necessary motivation and structure for the formation of early political parties in Nigeria.
Swali 15 Ripoti
The Aburi Accord was a popular phrase during the administration of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The Aburi Accord was a popular phrase during the administration of General Yakubu Gowon. This accord refers to a series of negotiations and agreements that took place in January 1967 at Aburi, Ghana, involving representatives of the military government of Nigeria and regional leaders to address the growing political tensions in Nigeria.
The primary aim of the Aburi Accord was to resolve disagreements about the country's governance and to prevent a looming civil war. Key issues discussed included the decentralization of power, the military structure, and resource control. Unfortunately, the agreements made at Aburi were not fully implemented upon return to Nigeria, leading to further tensions.
The failure to adhere to the Aburi Accord was one of the factors that contributed to the outbreak of the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, in 1967. Therefore, the Aburi Accord is closely associated with General Yakubu Gowon's leadership during that critical time in Nigeria's history.
Swali 16 Ripoti
An agent in which the state undertakes direct political socialisation is the
Maelezo ya Majibu
The agent in which the state undertakes direct political socialization is the school.
Here's why:
Schools play a crucial role in political socialization, which is the process of learning and internalizing the values, beliefs, and norms of a political culture. Unlike other agents, schools are often directly influenced and regulated by the state. They are used as formal settings where the government can introduce and emphasize civic education, national history, laws, and political systems.
This means that students learn about their country’s political system, responsibilities as citizens, and democratic principles through the curriculum designed and enforced by the educational authorities, which are typically linked to the state. Schools also celebrate national holidays and instill patriotic sentiments through various activities and programs.
On the other hand, the church may impart spiritual and moral values, the peer groups influence behavior and social norms, and the mass media shape public opinion. However, these are not typically under direct state control for political socialization.
Swali 17 Ripoti
A union of states with a common recognised authority is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The term you are looking for is a federal system. In a federal system, a group of states, regions, or provinces come together to form a union under a common, central government that has authority over the entire nation. However, each state maintains its own government and has certain powers that are not overridden by the central authority. This system allows for a balance of power between the central government and the individual states. Examples of countries with a federal system include the United States, Canada, and Germany.
In contrast, a unitary system is one where a single central government holds most of the power, and any administrative divisions benefit from devolved powers that can be revoked by the central authority.
A representative system is a form of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf, but it does not inherently describe the relationship between a central authority and regions or states.
A confederal system is a loose alliance of independent states where the central authority has limited power, and the individual states retain the majority of governmental power. It is essentially the opposite of a unitary system.
Swali 18 Ripoti
Which of these is a major challenge of public corporations in Nigeria?
Maelezo ya Majibu
A major challenge of public corporations in Nigeria is political interference. Public corporations in Nigeria often face significant challenges due to political interference for several reasons:
In conclusion, political interference poses a significant challenge because it undermines the ability of public corporations to operate efficiently, make strategic decisions, and focus on their core missions, leading to poor service delivery and financial performance.
Swali 19 Ripoti
The Commission that examines complaints of civil wrongs committed by government employees is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The Commission responsible for examining complaints of civil wrongs committed by government employees is the Public Complaints Commission. This body is often referred to as the "Ombudsman." It acts as a mediator between the public and the government.
The primary role of the Public Complaints Commission is to investigate complaints against administrative actions that were seen as unjust, unfair, or oppressive by government officials. It aims to ensure that government employees uphold standards of fairness and transparency in their dealings with the public. The commission seeks to remedy any wrong actions taken and recommends ways to avoid such issues in the future.
By addressing these complaints, the Commission helps maintain trust in public services by holding government employees accountable and striving to improve administrative processes for better public service delivery.
Swali 20 Ripoti
The collective views of the citizens on a specific national matter is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The collective views of the citizens on a specific national matter is known as public opinion.
Public opinion refers to the aggregate of individual attitudes or beliefs about a particular topic or issue that is significant to the society at large. It represents the general consensus or the majority viewpoint of the people within a nation. This opinion is often measured through surveys, polls, media reports, and other means of gauging how the populace feels or thinks about a specific matter.
Public opinion is vital in a democracy because it can influence policy decisions, election outcomes, and the actions of government officials. It reflects what citizens believe to be important, usually based on their values, experiences, and available information.
In summary, public opinion is the term that best describes the aggregate views of individuals within a society on issues of national importance.
Swali 21 Ripoti
One of the internal factors that led to the rise and growth of nationalism in Nigeria was
Maelezo ya Majibu
One of the internal factors that contributed significantly to the rise and growth of nationalism in Nigeria was the return of ex-service men after World War II. These men had served alongside soldiers from other nations, gaining exposure to international ideas and practices. Here is a simple explanation:
In summary, the return of ex-service men was a catalyst in fostering a stronger sense of national identity and solidarity among Nigerians, fueling the desire for independence and self-governance.
Swali 22 Ripoti
Military intervention in Nigerian politics was first witnessed in
Maelezo ya Majibu
The first military intervention in Nigerian politics occurred in the year 1966. This intervention marked a significant and drastic shift in Nigeria's political landscape. Prior to this, Nigeria had functioned as a parliamentary democracy after gaining independence from British colonial rule in 1960.
In January 1966, Nigeria experienced its first military coup, which was led by a group of army officers. These officers were dissatisfied with the political climate at the time, which was characterized by alleged corruption, ethnic tension, and political instability within the civilian government.
During the coup, several political leaders, including the Prime Minister, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, were assassinated. This coup ultimately led to the suspension of the constitution and the end of the First Republic, paving the way for military rule in Nigeria.
The consequences of this intervention were far-reaching, as it started a series of coups and counter-coups in the years that followed, profoundly impacting Nigeria's political history and development. The military would go on to rule for many years, with brief interruptions by civilian administrations, until the eventual return to civilian rule in 1999.
Swali 23 Ripoti
The fragmented nature of the Igbo pre-colonial political system qualified it to be described as
Maelezo ya Majibu
The pre-colonial Igbo political system is often described as acephalous in nature. This is because it lacked a centralized authority or head such as a king or chief, which is common in centralized political systems. Instead, the Igbo society was organized around individual communities or villages, each of which had its own set of rules and governance structures. These communities were largely independent and operated through a system of direct democracy.
In the Igbo culture, governance was conducted through a council of elders, age grades, and other traditional institutions. Decisions were made collectively, often through consensus, rather than by a single ruler. This decentralized and balanced approach to governance can also be described as fragmented because power and authority were spread out over various age groups and societal institutions, rather than being concentrated in one central figure or body.
Overall, the Igbo political system exemplified a grassroots and community-centered approach to decision-making, which allowed for a high degree of autonomy and flexibility within each village or community.
Swali 24 Ripoti
The rule of law is an essential ingredient of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The rule of law is an essential ingredient of democracy.
To understand why, let me explain the key concepts:
Rule of Law: It means that the laws of a country are applied equally and fairly to all its citizens. No one is above the law, not even leaders or government officials. It ensures justice, equality, and accountability within a society.
Democracy: It is a system of government where the power comes from the people. Citizens elect representatives to make decisions and create laws on their behalf. Democracy relies on principles such as freedom, equality, and transparency.
Now, let's see why the rule of law is crucial for democracy:
In summary, without the rule of law, a democracy cannot function effectively as it ensures that everyone is treated fairly, rights are upheld, and government power is kept in check.
Swali 25 Ripoti
The Nigerian Civil War was fought during the military regime of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, was fought during the military regime of Yakubu Gowon. This war lasted from 1967 to 1970. It began due to ethnic, political, economic, and religious tensions among the various regions of Nigeria.
Yakubu Gowon became the head of state after Major General Aguiyi Ironsi was assassinated in 1966. Gowon was tasked with keeping Nigeria united during a period of intense upheaval. When the Southeastern region, led by Colonel Odumegwu Ojukwu, declared independence as the Republic of Biafra in 1967, it led to a brutal and devastating conflict.
Gowon's administration focused on reunifying the country through military action, which eventually led to the surrender of Biafra in 1970. Under his leadership, efforts were made to rebuild and reconcile the nation following the end of hostilities. Thus, the Nigerian Civil War is closely associated with Yakubu Gowon's regime.
Swali 26 Ripoti
The main argument against the 1999 Constitution is that
Maelezo ya Majibu
The **1999 Constitution** of Nigeria is often criticized primarily because it was **imposed by the military**. Here is a simple explanation of this argument:
Imposed by the Military:
One of the primary criticisms of the 1999 Constitution is that it was crafted and enacted under the military regime of **General Abdulsalami Abubakar** without broad-based public participation or input. This means that it was not derived from a comprehensive democratic consensus but rather from a top-down decree format. Many critics argue that because it was imposed by the military, it lacks **legitimacy** and does not truly reflect the aspirations and desires of the Nigerian people.
Other points of argument can be discussed for a comprehensive understanding:
The Executive Have Immunity Clause:
This clause provides certain immunities for the president, vice president, governors, and deputy governors from civil or criminal prosecutions while in office. Critics argue that this provision grants too much protection to these officeholders and can be a shield against accountability.
It is Expensive to Operate:
The constitution provides for a large and complex government structure, with a **bicameral legislature, multiple layers of political offices**, and robust financial allocations for running these structures. Maintaining such a system is considered costly and may divert essential resources from pressing national developmental needs.
It Did Not Create Additional States:
Another argument is its failure to create additional states to correct perceived imbalances or foster further decentralization. Some groups feel underrepresented and believe that creating more states could enhance political representation and economic distribution.
In summary, while the most significant argument remains its military origin, other structural issues and ramifications inherent in the constitution contribute to the critiques it faces.
Swali 27 Ripoti
Delegated legislation can be regulated through
Maelezo ya Majibu
Delegated legislation refers to laws or regulations that are created by an individual or body under powers given to them by an Act of Parliament. It is an essential part of the legislative process as it allows for laws to be made without having to pass a new Act through Parliament.
There are several ways in which delegated legislation can be regulated effectively:
1. Ministerial Control: This involves the supervision and management of delegated legislation by the ministers who have been given the authority to create these laws. Ministers often have the power to approve, amend, or annul delegated legislation, ensuring that it aligns with the broader legislative intentions of the government.
2. Legislative Control: Parliament retains some degree of control over delegated legislation through various mechanisms. For example, delegated legislation may be subject to an affirmative resolution, requiring explicit approval by Parliament. Alternatively, there might be a negative resolution procedure, where the legislation automatically becomes law unless Parliament explicitly rejects it within a certain timeframe.
3. Executive Control: This refers to the oversight exercised by the executive branch, which includes government departments and agencies. They ensure that delegated legislation is consistent with existing policies and does not overstep the boundaries set by the parent Act. The executive may also conduct reviews and update the delegated legislation as necessary.
4. Judicial Control: The judiciary plays a crucial role in ensuring that delegated legislation is within the limits of the authority granted by the enabling Act. Courts can conduct judicial reviews to determine whether delegated legislation is valid. If a court finds that the legislation goes beyond the powers given or is unreasonable or oppressive, it can declare it invalid.
In conclusion, the regulation of delegated legislation is ensured through the combined efforts of ministerial, legislative, executive, and judicial controls, each serving as checks and balances to maintain proper legal and administrative order.
Swali 28 Ripoti
ECOWAS secretariat is located in
Maelezo ya Majibu
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional political and economic union of countries located in West Africa. This organization was established to foster economic integration and collective self-sufficiency among its member states.
The ECOWAS Secretariat is essentially the administrative headquarters of the organization, where its day-to-day operations are managed, and where meetings and decision-making processes often occur. The location of this Secretariat plays a crucial role in facilitating communication and coordination among member states.
The ECOWAS Secretariat is located in Abuja, Nigeria. Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria, and it serves as an important political center in West Africa. Having the Secretariat in Abuja positions ECOWAS strategically in the region, considering Nigeria's significant influence and central location in West Africa. This choice also reflects the goal of the organization to ensure close coordination and collaboration among its member states.
Swali 29 Ripoti
Lawyers recruited into the civil service belong to the
Maelezo ya Majibu
Lawyers recruited into the civil service belong to the professional class.
The reason for this is quite straightforward. In any organization, whether in the civil service or elsewhere, the term "professional class" often refers to positions that require specialized knowledge and qualifications. Lawyers are individuals who have undergone extensive education and training in the field of law, resulting in a professional degree (such as a Juris Doctor) and often the passing of a bar examination to practice law.
Within the civil service, professions like medicine, accountancy, and law fall under the "professional class" because these roles depend on a specific set of skills and deep knowledge in a regulated field. Lawyers contribute their expertise in legal matters such as policy formulation, compliance, and legislative processes.
In contrast, the other classes you mentioned serve different roles within the civil service:
Given the requirement for specialized legal expertise, lawyers are most suitably classified under the professional class in the civil service.
Swali 30 Ripoti
Strike action is mostly used by
Maelezo ya Majibu
Strike action is mostly used by pressure groups.
Pressure groups are organizations formed to influence public policy and decision-making. These groups often bring attention to social, economic, or political issues by advocating for changes through various forms of protest, including strike actions. Their key purpose is to create awareness and apply pressure on decision-makers, such as governments or corporations, to address their concerns.
For example, labor unions, which are a type of pressure group, commonly employ strikes as a means to demand better wages, improved working conditions, or labor rights from employers. By organizing a strike, these groups can effectively draw public attention to their cause, disrupt normal operations, and compel the concerned parties to negotiate or take action.
In contrast, political parties focus primarily on winning elections, traders are usually individual business people whose primary interest is commerce, and parliamentarians are lawmakers engaged in legislative duties. While these groups might support or oppose strike actions, they typically do not organize them. Therefore, the organizing and execution of strikes are most closely associated with pressure groups.
Swali 31 Ripoti
The party that controlled the government of South West States after the 1979 General Elections was
Maelezo ya Majibu
After the 1979 General Elections in Nigeria, the party that controlled the government of the South West states, which were predominantly Yoruba-speaking areas, was the **Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN)**.
The **Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN)** was founded by Chief Obafemi Awolowo, a prominent Yoruba leader and politician, who had a significant influence in the South West region. The UPN was known for its emphasis on progressive ideologies, including free education and social welfare programs, which resonated strongly with the people of the South West.
Due to the party's strong presence and organization in the region, the UPN won the majority of votes in the South West states, allowing them to form the government in those areas. This success can be attributed to both the popularity of its founder and the alignment of its policies with the needs and aspirations of the South West people.
Swali 32 Ripoti
The right to vote and be voted for is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The right to vote and be voted for is commonly referred to as a franchise or electoral right. This right is a vital aspect of a democratic society, allowing citizens to participate in choosing their government representatives and leaders. It ensures that the government reflects the will of the people. By voting, individuals express their preferences and influence the decision-making process within their country.
The terms franchise and electoral right can be used interchangeably in this context; however, the term "franchise" traditionally emphasizes the right to vote specifically, while "electoral right" may encompass broader participation in the electoral process, including being a candidate in elections.
While it is a form of freedom of expression, because through voting you express your choices, and it can be considered a fundamental human right in democratic societies, the specific term that directly identifies the right to vote and be elected is franchise.
Swali 33 Ripoti
Nigerian Ports Authority is an example of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) is an example of a Public Corporation.
To understand why, let's break down the term "Public Corporation". A public corporation is a state-owned enterprise established by the government to carry out specific functions, often of a commercial nature, for the benefit of the public. They are characterized by the following:
The Nigerian Ports Authority fits this description because it is a government-owned organization responsible for managing and operating the ports in Nigeria. It ensures that the ports function efficiently, handling imports and exports crucial for the country's economy. While it performs this essential public service, it also engages in commercial activities by charging fees for its services in loading, unloading, and storage in the ports.
In summary, the NPA functions as a government-established entity that balances public service with commercial operations, typifying a Public Corporation.
Swali 34 Ripoti
Public corporations in Nigeria are established through
Maelezo ya Majibu
Public corporations in Nigeria are established through an Act of Parliament. This process involves the creation and passage of a specific law by the legislative body, which in Nigeria is the National Assembly.
Here's a simple way to understand this:
In essence, an Act of Parliament is the formal legislative process through which public corporations in Nigeria are established, allowing them to function under the legal framework provided by the law.
Swali 35 Ripoti
The political subjugation and economic exploitation of a people is known as
Maelezo ya Majibu
The term that describes the political subjugation and economic exploitation of a people is colonialism.
Colonialism is a practice where a powerful country directly takes control of a weaker country or region. This control often involves sending settlers to occupy the land and rule it politically. The goal of colonialism is typically to extract resources, control trade routes, and exploit the local population for economic gain.
Under colonialism, the indigenous people of a region often suffer because their political freedom is taken away, and they are subjected to foreign rule. The colonizing power can impose its culture, language, and laws on the local population. Economically, the resources of the colonized region are often extracted and used for the benefit of the colonizing country, rather than for the development of the local population. This exploitation often leads to significant inequalities and unfair distribution of wealth.
To summarize, when we talk about political subjugation and economic exploitation of a people, we are referring to colonialism, as it encompasses both the loss of political control by the local populace and the economic exploitation of their resources and labor by a foreign power.
Swali 36 Ripoti
The June 12 election in Nigeria was annulled by the regime of
Maelezo ya Majibu
The June 12, 1993, presidential election in Nigeria, widely regarded as one of the country's fairest and freest elections, was annulled by the regime of **Ibrahim Babangida**. General Babangida was the military ruler of Nigeria from 1985 to 1993. Under his leadership, the country was in a political transition towards democracy.
The election saw **Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola**, often referred to as M.K.O. Abiola, as the leading candidate. However, despite being a pivotal moment that could have ushered in democratic governance, the election results were never officially released, and the election was annulled on June 23, 1993, by Babangida's administration. This decision led to political unrest and was widely condemned both domestically and internationally.
There were several factors and speculations surrounding the annulment, such as allegations of electoral malpractice, but many believed it was due to military and political interest in maintaining power and control over Nigeria's political sphere. The annulment had far-reaching consequences, including political instability and eventually contributing to the continuation of military rule until democratic elections were finally held in 1999.
Swali 37 Ripoti
The fundamental objective guiding a nation's foreign policy is
Maelezo ya Majibu
The fundamental objective guiding a nation's foreign policy is primarily its own national interest. Understanding a nation’s foreign policy involves comprehending the actions and decisions made by a country in its relations with other countries. Let's break this down in a simple way:
National Interest: This refers to the goals or ambitions of a nation. Each nation prioritizes its own security, economic well-being, and cultural values above all else. The foreign policy is crafted to promote the stability, prosperity, and welfare of its citizens. For instance, they might form alliances for security, engage in trade deals to boost their economy, or participate in international agreements that benefit their environment or public health.
Other interests like foreign interest, African interest, or colonial interest, while they may play a role in particular contexts or historical periods, are secondary concerns. Foreign interest might involve strategic diplomacy with other nations for mutual benefits, African interest may relate to regional partnerships or alliances within the continent for advanced cooperation, and colonial interest might pertain to historical ties or responsibilities resulting from a colonial past.
In conclusion, while a nation may consider external factors, the driving force of its foreign policy remains the national interest, which is principally focused on ensuring the best outcomes for its own country and people.
Swali 38 Ripoti
The power of prerogative of mercy rests with the
Maelezo ya Majibu
The power of prerogative of mercy is vested in the executive branch of government. This power allows the head of the executive, usually the president or governor, to exercise mercy in the case of criminal offenders. This can include granting pardons, reducing sentences, or commuting penalties. The purpose is to provide a means to achieve justice or compassion beyond the scope of the judiciary.
Key Points:
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NEPAD stands for
Maelezo ya Majibu
NEPAD stands for New Partnerships for Africa's Development.
The New Partnerships for Africa's Development (NEPAD) is an economic policy framework for Africa that was established by African leaders in the early 2000s. The main aim of NEPAD is to address challenges facing African countries through a novel partnership approach. This approach is centered on providing African solutions by promoting cooperation, collaboration, and mutual assistance among African states.
NEPAD focuses on several key areas including economic growth, sustainable development, regional integration, and political governance. It recognizes that in order to foster development, there needs to be dedication from African leaders to implement strategies that prioritize the welfare of their people, investment in infrastructure, advancement in technology, and agricultural growth.
Through NEPAD, Africa seeks to achieve strategic objectives such as eradicating poverty, placing Africa on a sustainable development path, halting the marginalization of Africa in the globalization process, and enhancing the role of women in all activities. By establishing new partnerships within Africa and with the international community, NEPAD aims to facilitate the attainment of its goals.
Swali 40 Ripoti
Aggregate view of individuals in a society is referred to as
Maelezo ya Majibu
The term used to describe the aggregate view of individuals in a society is called public opinion. Public opinion represents the collective attitudes, beliefs, and preferences on a particular topic or issue held by the general population, usually in the context of political, social, or economic matters.
Public opinion is often measured through surveys and polls, and it provides insights into what people think, feel, and believe at a given point in time. Understanding public opinion helps policymakers, leaders, and organizations gauge the mood of the society, predict future trends, and make informed decisions.
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