JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2022

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The Hadith collections of Muslim and Bukhari do not share similarities in covering the whole range of Fiqh.

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By the year 1110 C.E., Andalusia had fallen under the control of Al Murabitun. Al Murabitun were a Berber Muslim dynasty that originated from present-day Morocco. They were known for their military strength and were able to conquer Andalusia, which was previously ruled by the Taifa kingdoms. The Al Murabitun dynasty was founded by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, who ruled from 1061 to 1106 C.E. and expanded their territory to include Andalusia. They ruled Andalusia until the Almohad dynasty overthrew them in 1147 C.E.

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Fortune telling is considered un-Islamic at all times and in all matters. This is because it goes against the belief in destiny and the trust in Allah's plan for each individual. In Islam, it is believed that only Allah has knowledge of the future and that no human being can predict what will happen. Seeking knowledge of the future is seen as a form of disbelief in Allah's plan and a lack of trust in His wisdom. It is also considered a form of divination, which is strictly prohibited in Islam.

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Ignorance of religious rites and duties is not excusable in Islam because it is obligatory on all Muslims to seek knowledge. This means that it is the responsibility of every Muslim to learn about their religion and the practices they need to follow. While it is true that many Muslims can read and write Arabic and that books on Islamic jurisprudence have been translated into many languages, it is the individual's responsibility to seek out and acquire this knowledge. The Islamic system of education is highly developed all over the world, but ultimately it is up to the individual to seek out and take advantage of these opportunities to learn about their religion. Thus, it is important for every Muslim to seek knowledge and not use ignorance as an excuse for not following their religious obligations.

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When the Angel Jibril first came to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and asked him to recite, he replied with the words, "I cannot read" or "I am not a reader." This happened when the Prophet (SAW) was meditating in the cave of Hira before he received the first revelation from Allah. The Angel Jibril asked the Prophet (SAW) to recite the words of Allah, and he responded by saying that he was unable to read or recite. This answer showed the Prophet's (SAW) humility and his acknowledgement of his lack of knowledge and education. It also emphasized the divine nature of the message that he would later receive, which would be a miracle in itself. After this initial encounter, the Angel Jibril continued to come to the Prophet (SAW) with messages from Allah, which were later recorded in the form of the Qur'an. This event marked the beginning of the revelation of the Qur'an and the establishment of Islam as a religion.

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Umar is credited with having ordered the first collection of Hadith, in an official manner, fearing that some of it might be lost. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were among those who compiled Hadith at Umar's behest.

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The statement above was made by Waraqah b. Nawfal. Waraqah b. Nawfal was a cousin of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and a scholar of the Christian scriptures. According to Islamic tradition, when Prophet Muhammad first received the revelation, he was deeply distressed and went to his wife, Khadija. She then took him to Waraqah, who recognized the signs of prophethood and confirmed to Muhammad that he was indeed a Prophet of Allah. The statement is Waraqah's response to Prophet Muhammad's description of the events that took place during his first revelation. Waraqah acknowledges the truth of Muhammad's prophethood and swears to support him in the face of the persecution that he knows is sure to come. Waraqah's words demonstrate his faith and dedication to the cause of Allah and his support for Prophet Muhammad in spreading the message of Islam.

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The Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress is Surah ad-Duha. Surah ad-Duha is the 93rd chapter of the Qur'an and was revealed in the early days of the Prophet's mission in Makkah when he was feeling distressed and anxious. The Prophet had not received any revelations from Allah for a long time, and the disbelievers were mocking him and calling him a liar. In this Surah, Allah reassures the Prophet (SAW) that He has not forgotten him and that his efforts will not go to waste. Allah tells the Prophet that He has blessed him with many favors and will continue to do so. The Surah is a beautiful reminder to the Prophet that he is not alone and that Allah is always with him. Therefore, among the given options, Surah ad-Duha is the Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress.

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The devotee who intends to pray must also ensure the cleanliness of the place where they pray. This means that the area should be free of dirt and clutter and the floor should be clean. This creates a peaceful and respectful environment for prayer, which helps the devotee to focus and connect with their higher power.

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A decision taken in the interest of the public becomes istislah. Istislah is an Islamic legal term that refers to making a decision that is considered to be in the public interest. This concept is based on the idea that the ultimate goal of Islamic law is to promote the well-being of society and to prevent harm. When making a decision, a judge or Islamic scholar may use istislah to consider the impact on the wider community and to make a decision that is in the best interest of the public.

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The Dower (Sadaq) is a sum of money or other property which becomes. payable by the husband to the wife as an effect of marriage. The Quran ordains: "And give the women ( on marriage) their dower as a free gift." ( 4:4) In another. Hence it is the property of the wife.

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The principle of Ijbar refers to the right of a father or guardian to give out his daughter or ward in marriage without her consent. This principle is recognized in Islamic law but is subject to certain conditions.

One of the key conditions for the principle of Ijbar to be applicable is that the girl must have attained the age of maturity, which is generally considered to be around 9-10 years old. This means that the girl must be capable of understanding the implications of the marriage contract and the duties and responsibilities that come with it.

In addition, the father or guardian must ensure that the marriage is in the best interests of the girl and that the groom is a suitable match for her.

This includes considerations such as the groom's character, financial situation, and physical and mental health.

The consent of the mother is not a requirement for the principle of Ijbar, although it is generally recommended that the mother be consulted and informed about the marriage.

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"Maliki yawmid-Din" is translated as "the King of the Day of Judgement" in English. This phrase is part of the opening chapter of the Islamic holy book, the Quran, and is recited during daily prayers by Muslims all over the world. It is a declaration of faith in Allah as the King and ultimate Judge on the Day of Judgement, when all humans will be held accountable for their deeds in this life. The phrase acknowledges that Allah is the ultimate authority and ruler over all things, and that on the Day of Judgement, only He can grant forgiveness and mercy to those who have faith and have done good deeds.

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The minimum amount that may be stolen to warrant cutting of the hand is 1/4 Dinar.

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Abu Sufyan accepted Islam because he was totally disarmed by Muslim soldiers

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In the early part of Islam in West Africa, the ribat was primarily a center for religious propagation. A ribat was a type of Islamic religious institution that played an important role in the spread and development of Islam in West Africa. It was a place where Islamic scholars and students gathered to study and teach the religion, and where travelers and traders could find food and shelter. The ribat served as a hub for religious activities, including prayer, recitation of the Quran, and religious lectures. It also served as a center for the propagation of Islam to non-Muslims, as scholars and students would go out into the surrounding areas to teach and convert people to Islam. While some ribats may have also been involved in Sufi indoctrination, social reform, or fraternal movements, their primary function was to serve as centers for religious education and propagation.

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This is followed by iqra warabbukal Akram.

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Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is not a narrator of Hadith. Abu Hurayrah, Aisha bint Abi-Bakr, and Abu Sa'ad b. Malik are all famous companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and are known to have narrated many Hadiths. They were close companions of the Prophet and learned directly from him, and later transmitted his sayings and actions to others. However, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the first wife of the Prophet, did not narrate any Hadiths. This is not surprising, as she passed away before the Prophet started receiving revelations, and therefore did not have the opportunity to learn directly from him. While Khadijah is revered in Islamic tradition for her steadfast support of the Prophet, her role in Islamic scholarship is not as prominent as that of other companions who had the opportunity to learn directly from him. Therefore, among the given options, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is the one who is not a narrator of Hadith.

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The waiting period of a divorced woman in Islam is called "iddah". It is a specific period of time during which a woman who has been divorced must wait before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. The length of the iddah period varies depending on the circumstances of the divorce. If the divorce was initiated by the husband and he has not yet had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles. If the husband has had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles, or three lunar months (approximately 90 days). During the iddah period, the divorced woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and is not allowed to leave her home except for necessary reasons. The purpose of the iddah period is to ensure that the woman is not pregnant and to allow time for any potential reconciliation between the couple. In summary, iddah is the waiting period that a divorced woman must observe before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. Its length depends on the circumstances of the divorce, and during this period, the woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and must remain in her home except for necessary reasons.

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Abu Bakr, who was a close companion of the Prophet Muhammad and the first caliph of Islam, was nicknamed "as-Sadiq" due to his truthfulness. This nickname, which means "the truthful" in Arabic, was a testament to his reputation for being honest, sincere, and trustworthy in both his words and actions. Throughout his life, Abu Bakr was known for his unwavering commitment to speaking the truth, regardless of the circumstances or consequences. This quality was highly valued in Arabian culture and earned him widespread respect and admiration among the early Muslim community.

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Absolute obedience to the Prophet's teachings is stated in An-Nawawi Hadith 41.

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Imam Malik ibn Anas was born in the city of Madinah in what is now Saudi Arabia. He was born in the year 711 CE and lived in Madinah for most of his life. Imam Malik is known as one of the most important scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). He is the eponym of the Maliki school of Islamic law, which is one of the four major schools of thought in Sunni Islam. Imam Malik's birthplace of Madinah was a significant city in early Islamic history, as it was the site of the first Muslim community established by the Prophet Muhammad after his migration from Makkah. Madinah is also the location of the Prophet's Mosque, which is one of the most important sites in Islam and is visited by millions of Muslims from around the world each year.

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Uthman b. Affan was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the third caliph of the Islamic Ummah. He was born into the Banu Umayyah clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, which was a powerful and influential family in pre-Islamic Arabia. The Banu Umayyah were known for their wealth and status, and they held a prominent position in the affairs of Mecca. Uthman himself was known for his wealth and generosity, and he played a significant role in the early development of Islam. He was one of the first Muslims to migrate to Medina, and he was known for his close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that Uthman b. Affan was born into the family of Banu Umayyah, and not Banu Quraysh, Banu Sa'd, or Banu Qaynuqah.

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The divine attribute of omnipotence is implied in the attribute of "al-Qadir" (the All-Powerful). This means that Allah has the power and ability to do anything that is logically possible, including creating the universe, sustaining it, and controlling everything within it. Allah's power is limitless and absolute, and He can do anything without any constraints or limitations. This attribute is a fundamental belief in Islam and is emphasized throughout the Quran. It is important to note, however, that Allah's power is always exercised in accordance with His wisdom and justice, and is not arbitrary or capricious.

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The correct meaning of Tafsir is a detailed explanation and commentary of the Glorious Qur'an. Tafsir involves the interpretation and explanation of the meanings of the verses of the Qur'an, including their linguistic, historical, and cultural contexts. Tafsir is an important field of Islamic scholarship, as it helps readers to understand the deeper meanings of the Qur'an and to apply its teachings to their daily lives. Tafsir can also shed light on the historical and cultural context in which the Qur'an was revealed, and can help to clarify any confusing or ambiguous passages. The process of Tafsir involves the use of a wide range of tools and techniques, including the study of Arabic grammar and syntax, the examination of historical and cultural contexts, and the comparison of different translations and interpretations of the Qur'an. Tafsir is typically carried out by Islamic scholars who have undergone extensive training in Islamic theology and law. Overall, Tafsir is an important discipline within the Islamic tradition, as it helps to deepen our understanding of the Qur'an and its teachings, and allows us to apply its timeless wisdom to our lives.

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Tafsir is the science of explanation of the Qurʾān, the sacred scripture of Islam, or of Qurʾānic commentary.

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The Miraj is associated with Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). The Miraj, also known as the Night Journey, was a spiritual journey that Prophet Muhammad took in one night from Mecca to Jerusalem and then to heaven. It is a significant event in Islamic history and is mentioned in the holy book of Islam, the Quran, and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). The Miraj is considered a miracle of Prophet Muhammad and is celebrated annually by Muslims during the holy month of Ramadan.

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Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from abominable acts, meaning actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings. This includes things like lying, cheating, stealing, adultery, drinking alcohol, and other similar behaviors. Islam emphasizes the importance of commanding what is good and forbidding what is evil. This means that Muslims are encouraged to promote good deeds and discourage bad deeds in themselves and others. Forbidden Munkar specifically refers to the duty of Muslims to speak out against and actively discourage sinful behaviors. In summary, Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from engaging in actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings.

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Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) were blessed with six children, two sons and four daughters.

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"Miracles" is not among the articles of faith in most major religions. An article of faith refers to a fundamental belief or doctrine that is considered essential to a religion. In Islam, for example, the six articles of faith are belief in one God, belief in angels, belief in the prophets, belief in the holy books, belief in the day of judgment, and belief in predestination.

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One of the contributions of Islam to women's welfare is the introduction of inheritance. In Islam, women have the right to inherit property and assets from their families, which was a significant advancement in women's rights at the time. This means that women could own and control property, which gave them financial independence and security. The Qur'an specifies the portions of an estate that each heir is entitled to receive, including the wife, daughter, and mother. This contribution of Islam to women's welfare helped to empower women and improve their status in society.

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The Qur'an is considered to be of divine nature, which means that it is believed to be a direct message from God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel over a period of 23 years. This belief in the divine nature of the Qur'an gives it a special status and authority in the Islamic faith, and it is considered to be the word of God, unchanged and unchanged over time. The Qur'an's divine nature is also one of the reasons why it is considered to be so important and why Muslims hold it in such high regard. The Qur'an is memorized, recorded and protected by Muslims, which ensures its authenticity and ensures that its message remains unchanged over time, making it an eternal source of guidance for Muslims.

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Associating partners with Allah is unpardonable.

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The option that was not part of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah is "Muhammad (SAW) should not be recognized as leader." The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was a peace agreement signed between the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the leaders of Mecca in the year 628. The treaty contained several terms, including: - There should be no war between the Muslims and the Meccans for ten years. - Muhammad (SAW) and his followers would return to Medina that year and postpone their pilgrimage to Mecca until the following year. - Any Meccan who wanted to join Muhammad (SAW) would be allowed to do so, but any Muslim who wanted to return to Mecca would not be permitted to do so. - The two sides would maintain peace and refrain from attacking each other's allies. The treaty was a significant turning point in the history of Islam, as it allowed Muhammad (SAW) and his followers to peacefully coexist with the Meccans and led to a period of increased growth and expansion for the Muslim community.

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The expression "Man kana yu minu billahi wal yawmil akhir fal yaqual khayran aw li yasmut" is a saying in Arabic that is often used to encourage people to behave in a good and virtuous manner. The expression can be translated to mean: "The one who believes in Allah and the Last Day should either say something good or be silent." In simple terms, this expression is encouraging believers to think before they speak and to only say things that are kind, helpful, and positive. If they can't say something good, it is better to remain silent. This promotes a culture of positivity, kindness, and respect in speech and communication.

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Excellent or sound traditions are grouped under Sahih.

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Birabbil-Falaq is the Arabic phrase for "Lord of the Daybreak" or "Lord of the Dawn" and is the title of the 113th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an. In this chapter, Muslims seek protection and refuge in Allah from the evil of darkness, the harm that may come from the night, and from the harm of those who practice witchcraft or envy. The chapter speaks of seeking Allah's protection and guidance in every aspect of life, particularly from those who may seek to harm or wrong them. Therefore, "Lord of the daybreak" is the correct answer.

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The 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah is known as Yawm al-Tarwiyah because it marks the day when the pilgrims in Hajj prepare themselves for the main day of Hajj, which is the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, also known as the Day of Arafah. Tarwiyah means "to quench thirst" or "to water", and it is named as such because in the past, pilgrims used to fill their water containers in Mina on this day in preparation for the day of Arafah. On the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the pilgrims put on the Ihram clothing and proceed to Mina, a small town near Mecca, where they spend the night in tents. This is where the pilgrims rest and prepare for the rituals of Hajj that will take place the following day. Although no major Hajj rites are performed on the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, it is a significant day for Hajj pilgrims because it marks the beginning of the Hajj rituals, and it is a day of spiritual preparation and reflection for the pilgrims before the Day of Arafah. The pilgrims spend the night in Mina in preparation for the next day, where they will head to the plains of Arafah to perform the most important Hajj ritual, which is standing on the mountain of Arafat in supplication to Allah.

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One of the strong proofs of the authenticity of the Qur'an is that the like of it has not been produced by an individual or a group of people. This means that the Qur'an's unique style and content, including its language, expressions, themes, and message, cannot be replicated or matched by anyone. This has been widely acknowledged by scholars, linguists, and experts in the field, who have attempted to imitate the Qur'an's style but have failed to do so. This is considered as a miraculous proof of the Qur'an's divine origin and a testament to its authenticity.