JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2021

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Al-Hakim means The Wise. It is one of the 99 names of Allah in Islam, and it highlights the attribute of wisdom and knowledge ascribed to Allah. In Arabic, "Hakim" means wise or knowledgeable, and when the definite article "Al-" is added, it becomes "The Wise." This name is mentioned in the Qur'an several times, such as in Surah Al-Hujurat (49:1) where Allah says, "O you who have believed, do not put [yourselves] before Allah and His Messenger but fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing." The attribute of wisdom is one of the most important qualities of Allah in Islam, and it is believed that He is the source of all knowledge and wisdom in the universe.

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Bilal bin Rabah was the first person to accept Islam amongst the slaves. Bilal was an Abyssinian slave who was brought to Mecca and was owned by Umayyah bin Khalaf. When Prophet Muhammad started preaching Islam in Mecca, Bilal was one of the first people to accept the message of monotheism and became a Muslim. However, his conversion to Islam led to severe torture and persecution from his master, who tried to force him to abandon his new faith. Despite the torture and punishment, Bilal remained steadfast in his faith and refused to renounce Islam. His unwavering faith and loyalty to Islam became a source of inspiration for many early Muslims and his story remains a testament to the perseverance and strength of faith.

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Hadith No. 2 of al-Nawawi's collection was transmitted by Bukhari and Muslim. Both Bukhari and Muslim are well-known hadith scholars and their collections are considered among the most authentic hadith collections in Islam. They meticulously collected and verified hadiths through a rigorous process of authentication, ensuring the reliability and authenticity of the hadiths they included in their collections.

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The term that is not related to Hadith is "Makruh." - Da'if refers to a weak Hadith, i.e., a narration that has some flaw in its chain of transmission or content. - Hasan refers to a good Hadith, i.e., a narration that is reliable but not as strong as Sahih Hadith. - Isnad refers to the chain of narrators in a Hadith, i.e., the series of people who transmitted the narration from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to the compiler of the Hadith. - Makruh refers to actions that are disliked or discouraged in Islam but not necessarily prohibited. It is not a term related to Hadith specifically.

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Fornication attracts 100 lashes. Fornication refers to engaging in sexual intercourse outside of marriage, which is considered a major sin in Islam. The punishment for this sin, according to Islamic law, is 100 lashes. This punishment is intended to be a deterrent and a means of purifying the offender from the sin they have committed. It is important to note that Islamic law requires strict evidence and a fair trial before any punishment is carried out, and the punishment itself should not cause harm to the offender's health or well-being.

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Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is recited in Ruku' during the prayer (Salah) in Islam. Ruku' is a bowing posture where the hands are placed on the knees, and the recitation of Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is one of the supplications that are recommended to be recited during this posture. The phrase means "Glory be to my Lord the Almighty, and praise be to Him," and it is a way to express one's submission, gratitude, and awe towards Allah (SWT) during the prayer. The recitation of this phrase is considered a form of dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and a way to increase one's spiritual connection with Allah.

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A female Muslim should cover all her body except her palm and face. The requirement for modest dress for Muslim women is mentioned in the Qur'an and Hadith. While there are differences in interpretation among scholars, the majority agree that women should cover their entire body except for their face and hands. This is based on the principle of modesty and the importance of safeguarding one's physical appearance from the gaze of others. Some Muslim women also choose to cover their face with a veil or niqab as an additional expression of their faith and commitment to modesty.

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The Diwan is not among the revealed books. The Diwan is a collection of poems or literary works, and it is not a religious scripture. The other options, including the Injil (Gospel), Qur'an, and Tawrah (Torah), are considered revealed books in Islam. The Injil is the Gospel that was revealed to Prophet Isa (Jesus), the Qur'an is the final revelation to Prophet Muhammad, and the Tawrah is the first of the revealed books, which was given to Prophet Musa (Moses).

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The fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram. Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is considered one of the four sacred months. The tenth day of Muharram is known as the Day of Ashura, which is a significant day for Muslims. Tasu'a is the ninth day of Muharram, which is a day of mourning for some Muslims in commemoration of the death of Prophet Muhammad's grandson, Imam Hussein. Some Muslims observe a voluntary fast on this day as a sign of respect and mourning. Ashura is the tenth day of Muharram, which is a more significant day of remembrance for Muslims. It is the day on which Prophet Moses fasted in gratitude to God for saving the Israelites from the Pharaoh, and it is also the day on which Imam Hussein and his companions were martyred. Some Muslims fast on this day as a sign of gratitude and remembrance. In summary, the fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram, which is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is a significant month for Muslims.

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The following are exempt from fasting except the rich man. Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is a period of abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn until sunset during the month of Ramadan. In Islam, there are several groups of people who are exempt from fasting, including: - The insane person - The menstruating person - The sick person These individuals are exempt from fasting because they are physically or mentally unable to do so. However, a rich man is not exempt from fasting and is expected to fast unless he is physically or mentally unable to do so. Fasting is considered to be a personal act of worship and devotion, and it is expected of all adult Muslims who are able to do so.

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The compilation of al-Quran was primarily due to the death of the memorizers. During the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (SAW), the revelations were written down on various materials by different companions. However, the final and authoritative copy of the Quran was compiled during the caliphate of Abu Bakr, shortly after the death of Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Many of the companions who had memorized the Quran had died during battles and wars, and there was a growing concern that the Quran might be lost if it was not compiled in a single volume. Therefore, under the leadership of Abu Bakr, a committee was formed to collect and compile the revelations into a single book, which is now known as the Quran. Thus, the death of the memorizers is the main factor responsible for the compilation of the Quran.

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Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. The Battle of Badr was a significant battle in Islamic history and was fought in 624 CE between the Muslims of Medina, led by Prophet Muhammad, and the Quraysh of Mecca. Hamzah was a strong and brave warrior, and he was one of the earliest converts to Islam. He was also a staunch supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and he played an important role in the early Islamic community. During the battle of Badr, Hamzah led a contingent of Muslim soldiers and fought bravely. However, he was eventually killed by a spear thrown by a man named Wahshi, who had been promised his freedom in exchange for killing Hamzah. His death was a great loss to the Muslim community, and it was a source of great grief to Prophet Muhammad. In summary, Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. Hamzah was an early convert to Islam and a strong supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and his death was a great loss to the Muslim community.

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Hadith refers to the sayings, actions, and silent approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Hadith is an important source of Islamic jurisprudence and provides guidance to Muslims on various aspects of life, including worship, ethics, and social conduct. The authenticity and reliability of hadith are established through a rigorous process of verification and grading, with the most reliable and authentic hadith being classified as sahih (sound).

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The statement "Man kana Yu'minu billahi" is repeated three times in Hadith No. 15 of al-Nawawi's collections. In this Hadith, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is reported to have said, "Whosoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent." The statement "Man kana Yu'minu billahi" means "Whosoever believes in Allah."

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The revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE. This event occurred in the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. The revelation started when Prophet Muhammad, at the age of 40, received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave on the outskirts of Mecca, which is now known as the Cave of Hira. The Quran is the holy book of Islam, and its revelation to Prophet Muhammad is considered a central event in Islamic history. The revelation took place over a period of 23 years, with verses being revealed to the Prophet in various locations in and around Mecca and Medina. In summary, the revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE, during the month of Ramadan, when Prophet Muhammad received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave in Mecca.

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Suratul Asr has three verses. The surah is the 103rd chapter of the Quran and is one of the shortest chapters. The surah emphasizes the importance of time and encourages believers to use their time wisely and engage in good deeds.

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Lailatul Qadr is found in the month of Ramadan. Lailatul Qadr, also known as the Night of Power, is a special night that is considered to be one of the holiest and most significant nights in Islam. It is believed to have taken place during the last ten nights of the month of Ramadan, which is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Ramadan is a time of fasting, prayer, and reflection for Muslims, and Lailatul Qadr is considered to be the most special night of the month. It is believed that on this night the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad and that it is a night of great blessings and mercy from Allah.

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Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) was 40 years old when she married the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Khadijah was a wealthy and successful businesswoman who hired the young Muhammad (SAW) to work for her. Impressed by his honesty and character, she proposed marriage to him despite their age difference. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) accepted the proposal, and they had a happy and loving marriage that lasted for 25 years until Khadijah's passing. Therefore, we can conclude that Khadijah was 40 years old when she married the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).

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Khula fa'ul-Rashidun refers to the four rightly guided Caliphs who succeeded the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) in leading the Muslim community. Therefore, the answer is four. The four Khula fa'ul-Rashidun are Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali (may Allah be pleased with them all).

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Imamul Bukhari was born in the year 194 A.H (810 A.D). Imamul Bukhari is a famous Islamic scholar known for compiling one of the most authentic collections of Hadith called "Sahih Bukhari". He was born in Bukhara, a city in modern-day Uzbekistan. Imamul Bukhari started memorizing Hadith at an early age and traveled to various places to learn from renowned scholars. He dedicated his life to the study and compilation of Hadith, and his work is still widely used and respected by scholars and laypeople alike. Therefore, we can conclude that Imamul Bukhari was born in the year 194 A.H.

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Ghusl after the stoppage of menstrual blood is called "Ghusl al-Hayd." "Hayd" refers to menstrual blood. "Ghusl" is an Arabic word for full-body ritual washing, which is a requirement in Islamic hygiene. The purpose of Ghusl al-Hayd is to purify the body after menstruation. The other terms you mentioned, "Janabah," "Janazah," and "Mayyit," refer to different concepts in Islamic practice. "Janabah" refers to a state of ritual impurity that occurs after sexual intercourse or ejaculation. "Janazah" refers to a funeral prayer and the rituals that accompany it. "Mayyit" means "dead person." So, "Ghusl al-Hayd" is specifically related to the purification after menstrual blood, and not related to these other concepts.

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Hadith No. 2 of al-Nawawi's collections does not include the lesson of al-Sa'ah. The Hadith, narrated by Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA), states that the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said, "Actions are judged by their intentions, so each man will have what he intended. Thus, he whose migration was to Allah and His Messenger, his migration is to Allah and His Messenger; but he whose migration was for some worldly thing he might gain, or for a wife he might marry, his migration is to that for which he migrated." The Hadith teaches the lesson of al-Ihsan, which means doing good or performing actions with excellence and sincerity for the sake of Allah. It also emphasizes the importance of intention in determining the reward or punishment of one's actions. Furthermore, it highlights the concept of al-Hijra (migration) and its significance in Islam, as well as the different motives behind people's actions. However, the Hadith does not mention the lesson of al-Sa'ah, which refers to the Day of Judgment or the Hour of Resurrection. Therefore, we can conclude that the lessons of Hadith No. 2 of al-Nawawi's collections include al-Ihsan, al-Imam, and al-Islam, but not al-Sa'ah.

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The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" is an Arabic phrase that is taken from Surat Al-Fil, which means "let them worship the Lord of this house." In this surah, Allah recounts the story of how He saved the Kaaba from the attack of Abraha and his army of elephants, and thus emphasizes the importance of worshipping the One and Only God. The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" serves as a reminder to the believers that the Kaaba is a sacred place of worship that should be dedicated solely to the worship of Allah, and that all acts of worship should be directed towards Him alone.

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Taharah simply means purification. Taharah is an Arabic word that refers to the concept of purification in Islam. This includes physical, spiritual, and moral purification. In Islamic practice, taharah is considered to be a fundamental aspect of worship and is required before performing certain acts of worship, such as prayer. This can involve washing the hands, mouth, nose, face, arms, head, and feet, as well as performing full-body ablutions. The purpose of taharah is to cleanse the body and mind and to prepare for the act of worship, demonstrating one's devotion and submission to God.

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Arafat is not required in Umrah. Umrah is a pilgrimage to Makkah that can be performed at any time of the year, unlike Hajj which has specific dates. Umrah involves certain rituals such as Ihram (the state of sanctity), Tawaf (circling the Kaaba seven times), Sa'y (walking between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times), and shaving or trimming the hair. Arafat is a location outside Makkah that is only visited during Hajj, on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah. During Hajj, pilgrims spend the day at Arafat to perform a special prayer and make supplications to Allah. Therefore, Arafat is not required in Umrah.

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The main teaching of Suratul Ikhlas is monotheism. Suratul Ikhlas is the 112th chapter of the Quran, and it consists of only four verses. In these verses, Allah (SWT) emphasizes the oneness and unity of God. The chapter begins with the declaration that Allah is one, and that there is no god but Him. It then emphasizes that Allah is eternal, and that He has no beginning or end. The chapter ends with the statement that there is none like Allah, and that He is unique and incomparable. Through this chapter, Allah emphasizes the importance of the belief in the oneness of God in Islam. Muslims believe in the concept of tawhid, which is the belief in the oneness of God. Tawhid is considered the most fundamental concept in Islam, and it is the basis of Islamic belief and practice. In summary, the main teaching of Suratul Ikhlas is monotheism. The chapter emphasizes the belief in the oneness and unity of God, which is a fundamental concept in Islam.

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A Muslim is advised to say "ghufraanak" when leaving the toilet. This phrase means "I seek your forgiveness" and it is said to show gratitude to Allah for relieving oneself and seeking forgiveness for any wrongdoings or sins committed.