JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2023

The major teaching of Hadith 5 of an-Nawawi centres on

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Hadith 5 of an-Nawawi teaches us about the importance of intention in our actions. It highlights that our intentions should be pure and sincere when performing any act of worship or obeying Allah.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "Indeed, actions are judged by intentions, and every person shall have what they intended." This means that our intentions are the foundation of our actions.
Whether it is praying, giving charity, or fasting, our actions will only be accepted by Allah if our intentions are solely for His sake and not for worldly gains or show-off. This hadith reminds us to constantly check and purify our intentions so that our acts of worship become a means of drawing closer to Allah and seeking His pleasure.
In addition, this hadith also emphasizes that our intentions influence the value and reward of our actions. If our intention is to please Allah and seek His reward, our actions will be considered as acts of worship. On the other hand, if our intention is driven by worldly desires or to impress others, our actions may not have any spiritual value.
Therefore, this hadith reminds us to reflect on our intentions and ensure that they align with the teachings of Islam. By having sincere intentions, we can transform our everyday actions into acts of worship, strengthen our faith, and avoid any innovations or deviations in our religious practices.

The main means of transport used by the Arabs in the desert was

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The main means of transport used by the Arabs in the desert was the camel.
Camels are perfectly designed for living and traveling in desert environments. They have some unique adaptations that make them the ideal choice for traversing the desert.
One of the key reasons for using camels is their ability to conserve water. Camels are able to go for long periods of time without drinking water, which is a crucial factor in arid desert conditions where water sources may be scarce. They can survive for several days without drinking, and when they do have access to water, they can drink up to 30 gallons at once to replenish their reserves.
Another advantage of camels is their ability to tolerate extreme temperatures. They have a thick coat that helps to insulate them from the heat during the day and keep them warm at night. Their broad feet distribute their weight over a larger surface area, preventing them from sinking into the soft desert sand.
Camels also have a unique way of navigating through the desert. They have a strong sense of direction and can remember their travel routes even after long periods of time. They can use landmarks and the position of the sun and stars to find their way and avoid getting lost.
In addition to their physical adaptations, camels have been an integral part of Arab culture for centuries. They have been domesticated and trained to carry heavy loads, making them valuable for transporting goods and people across the vast desert landscapes. They are also well-suited for long journeys, as they are resilient and can withstand the challenges of desert travel.
Therefore, the camel was the primary means of transportation for the Arabs in the desert due to its adaptability to the harsh desert environment, its water conservation capabilities, its heat tolerance, its navigation skills, and its cultural significance in Arab society.

A major lesson contained in Hadith 16 of an-Nawawi is

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Hadith 16 of an-Nawawi is about controlling anger. The Hadith says: 'I asked the Messenger of Allah: Who is the best among the people? He replied, 'The one who, when you look at him, you remember Allah.' Then I asked: Then who? He replied, 'The one who does not harm the Muslims with his tongue and hands.' Then I asked: Then who? He replied, 'The one who controls his anger.'

The last child of Prophet Muhammad(S.A.W) is

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The last child of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was Ibrahim, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya. He lived for about 16 to 18 months and then died.

The fifty Muslim archers at the battle of Uhud were instructed to

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The fifty Muslim archers at the battle of Uhud were instructed to stay in their position and not leave their post. This means that they were told to maintain their position and not move or abandon their post under any circumstances. By doing so, they were expected to provide protection and cover for the Muslim army against any potential attacks from the rear.
Their role as archers was crucial to the overall strategy of the battle. They were strategically positioned on a hill behind the main Muslim army, serving as a defensive line against the enemy cavalry. It was essential for them to maintain their position in order to ensure the protection of the Muslim forces.
However, during the course of the battle, when the Muslim army initially gained the upper hand, a portion of the archers saw a chance to gain war booty and left their post against the orders they were given. This opened up a gap in the defensive line, allowing the enemy cavalry to attack from the rear.
As a result, this breach in the defensive line proved to be a turning point in the battle, leading to a setback for the Muslim forces and ultimately their defeat. The lesson learned from this incident is the importance of following instructions and maintaining discipline in the face of temptation.

The admonition of the last part of Hadith 18 of an-Nawawi is

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Have taqwa (fear) of Allah wherever you may be, and follow up a bad deed with a good deed which will wipe it out, and behave well towards the people.

Reference is made to the migration of 622 C.E. in an-Nawawi's Hadith

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The migration referred to in an-Nawawi's Hadith is the Hijrah, which took place in 622 C.E. This was when Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina. The Hijrah marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, hence it is often referred to in Islamic literature.

Talaq al-Bida'ah takes effect when divorce is pronounced

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Talaq al-Bida'ah is a type of divorce that takes effect when it is pronounced in a specific manner. To understand this, let's break down the conditions: 1. Firstly, the divorce should be pronounced when the wife is still in her marital home. This means that the husband cannot divorce his wife when she is away from their shared residence. 2. Secondly, the divorce should be pronounced when the wife is purified of her menses. In Islamic law, a divorce cannot be validly pronounced during a woman's menstrual cycle. It can only be done when she is in a period of purity. 3. Thirdly, the divorce can be either pronounced verbally or in writing. This means that the husband can say the words of divorce out loud or write them down and communicate it to his wife. 4. Finally, Talaq al-Bida'ah takes effect when the husband pronounces the divorce three times simultaneously. This means that he has to state divorce words such as "I divorce you" three times in one instance. It is important for the husband to utter the divorce words only once, but with the understanding that it counts as three divorces. It is essential to understand that Talaq al-Bida'ah, also known as triple divorce or instant divorce, is considered highly discouraged in Islam. Scholars emphasize the importance of reconciliation and exhausting other means of resolving marital disputes before resorting to this form of divorce.

The first pledge of Aqabah was signed in

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The first pledge of Aqabah was signed in 621 C.E.
The pledge of Aqabah was a significant event in the early history of Islam. It took place in the city of Aqabah, near Mecca, in the year 621 C.E. This event marked a turning point in the spread of Islam and the relationship between the Muslim community and the people of Medina.
During this pledge, a group of twelve people from the city of Medina, known as the Ansar or supporters, met with the Prophet Muhammad and made a commitment to support and protect him and his followers. This pledge showed their faith in Islam and their willingness to join the growing Muslim community.
The significance of this pledge was that it provided a safe haven for Muslims who were facing persecution in Mecca. It also laid the foundation for the migration of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina, which would later become the capital of the Islamic state.
In summary, the first pledge of Aqabah was signed in the year 621 C.E. It was a crucial event in the history of Islam, signifying the support and protection of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers by the people of Medina. This pledge played a vital role in the expansion and establishment of the Muslim community.

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The Prophet's uncle who succeeded Abu Talib as the Head of the Banu Hashum was Hamzah

Ad-Dhikr is to the Qur'an as Ummul-Kitab is to

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In the Qur'an, there are certain phrases or verses that are given special significance and are repeated frequently. These phrases are known as ad-Dhikr. Ad-Dhikr helps to emphasize and reinforce important concepts in the Qur'an. It serves as a reminder and a way to keep certain teachings and principles fresh in the minds of the believers.
Similarly, in the Qur'an, there is a chapter that is considered to be the essence and summary of the entire book. This chapter is known as Ummul-Kitab, which translates to "the Mother of the Book" or "the Opening". Ummul-Kitab, also known as Al-Fatihah, is the first chapter of the Qur'an and it holds great significance.
So, to answer the question, the relationship between ad-Dhikr and the Qur'an is similar to the relationship between Ummul-Kitab and Al-Fatihah. Ad-Dhikr is a general term referring to various repeated phrases in the Qur'an, while Ummul-Kitab specifically refers to the first chapter, Al-Fatihah, which is considered the summary and essence of the entire Qur'an.
Therefore, the answer is Fatihah.

According to the Hadith of the Prophet(S.A.W.), learning is obligatory for both the

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According to a Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), 'Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim, male and female.' Therefore, the correct answer is 'Male and Female'

Al-Akhirah is to hereafter as Al-Qiyammah is to

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In the context of Islamic beliefs, Al-Akhirah refers to the concept of the hereafter or the life after death. It encompasses the belief that there is a continuation of life after we die and that our actions in this world will be judged and rewarded or punished accordingly.
Similarly, Al-Qiyammah is a term used in Islam to refer to the concept of Resurrection. It signifies the belief that after death, there will be a day when all human beings will be resurrected and brought back to life in order to face judgment for their deeds.
So, the correct answer to the relationship between Al-Qiyammah and Al-Akhirah would be Resurrection. Al-Qiyammah is the event of resurrection, which is a part of the overall concept of Al-Akhirah or the hereafter in Islam.

Which of the following was not a Jahilliyyah idol?

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The idol that was not a part of Jahilliyyah was al-Jibl.
Jahilliyyah refers to the pre-Islamic Arabian period of ignorance and idol worship. During this time, the Arabian Peninsula was inhabited by various tribes who venerated idols and practiced polytheism. They believed that these idols were intermediaries between them and the gods.
Out of the four options given, al-Jibl is the only idol that does not have a direct connection to the pre-Islamic period of Jahilliyyah. The other three idols, namely al-Manat, al-Uzzah, and al-Lat, were revered and worshipped by the Arabian tribes during that time.
One important thing to note is that when Islam emerged, the Prophet Muhammad preached against idol worship and encouraged monotheism. He declared that these idols, including al-Manat, al-Uzzah, and al-Lat, were false deities and had no power or influence.
By rejecting idol worship and promoting monotheism, Islam brought an end to the era of Jahilliyyah and established a new era of faith in one God, Allah.

Imam an-Nasal spent his days in

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Imam an-Nasai spent his days in Khurasan. Khurasan is a historical region located in northeastern Iran, parts of Afghanistan, and Central Asia. It was a very important cultural and intellectual center during Imam an-Nasai's time.
Imam an-Nasai was a renowned scholar and had a deep knowledge of the hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). He spent a significant amount of time in Khurasan, studying, collecting, and teaching hadiths.
Khurasan was known for its vibrant scholarly community and was home to many prominent Islamic scholars. Imam an-Nasai benefited from the rich intellectual environment of Khurasan and devoted himself to the study and preservation of the hadiths.
His dedication in collecting hadiths led to the compilation of a famous book called "Sunan an-Nasai," which is one of the six most authentic books of hadiths in Sunni Islam. This book contains a collection of hadiths along with their chains of narrators, making it a valuable resource for scholars and students of Islamic knowledge.
In conclusion, Imam an-Nasai spent his days in Khurasan, where he immersed himself in the study of hadiths and contributed greatly to the preservation of Islamic knowledge through his compilation of "Sunan an-Nasai."

A complete prayer ends with

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A complete Islamic prayer (Salah) ends with Taslim. Taslim is the part where the person praying turns their head to the right and then to the left, saying 'Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah' each time, which means 'Peace be upon you and God's mercy'.

Tayammum is performed by a Muslim when

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Tayammum is a dry ablution in Islamic ritual purification for prayer, which involves the use of clean soil or dust when water is not available or cannot be used for reasons such as illness. Therefore, the correct answer is 'access to water is very difficult'.

The reign of Caliph Uthman b. Affan is known for

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The reign of Caliph Uthman b. Affan is known for several key contributions during his time as the Caliph of the Islamic state. One of the notable achievements was **standardization of the Qur'an**. During this time, the Islamic community was expanding rapidly, and there were multiple versions of the Qur'an in different dialects. This led to confusion and inconsistencies in the recitation and interpretation of the holy book. Caliph Uthman took the initiative to establish a standardized version of the Qur'an to ensure uniformity and accuracy in its recitation. To accomplish this, Caliph Uthman appointed a committee of scholars, including prominent companions of the Prophet Muhammad, to compile an official version of the Qur'an. They used the original written materials and the oral traditions passed down from the Prophet. The compiled version, known as the Uthmanic codex, formed the basis for the standardization of the Qur'an that we have today. This standardization had significant implications. It allowed for **consistency in the teachings of Islam** across different regions, ensuring that everyone was reciting and understanding the same message. It also helped in preserving the integrity of the Qur'an, protecting it from any alterations or variations. The standardization of the Qur'an during the reign of Caliph Uthman played a crucial role in the preservation and dissemination of the Islamic faith. It helped establish a solid foundation for the community and ensured the Quranic teachings were accurately conveyed from one generation to another.

How many times does the word al-Qadr occur in the Qur'an chapter 97?

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The word al-Qadr occurs 3 times in the Qur'an chapter 97. Al-Qadr is an Arabic word that means 'The Night of Decree' or 'The Night of Power'. It is a special night in the month of Ramadan when the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad.

A rak'ah in salat starts with

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A rak'ah in salat starts with Takbiratul Ihram. Takbiratul Ihram is the opening takbir (saying "Allahu Akbar") that marks the beginning of the prayer. It is the first act performed in each rak'ah of the prayer.
When we begin our prayer, we raise our hands up to our ears and say "Allahu Akbar" to enter into the state of prayer. This is called Takbiratul Ihram. It signifies the transition from our daily activities to focusing our minds and hearts on worshipping Allah.
By saying "Allahu Akbar" and raising our hands, we are expressing our belief in the greatness of Allah and our intention to dedicate this time purely for His worship.
After saying the Takbiratul Ihram, we proceed to the next actions in the salat, such as Qiyam bi Itidal (standing upright), Sujud (prostration), and Ruku (bowing). But it is the Takbiratul Ihram that marks the beginning of the rak'ah.
So, in summary, a rak'ah in salat starts with the Takbiratul Ihram, which is the opening takbir that signifies the beginning of the prayer and our transition into the state of worship.

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The classifications of Hadith are used to categorize the authenticity and reliability of the narrations. The given options are:

Daif: This classification refers to weak Hadiths. These narrations have a weakness in either their chain of narrators or in the content of the Hadith itself. They are not considered strong or reliable enough to form a basis for beliefs or practices.

Mawdu: Mawdu Hadiths are fabricated or forged narrations that have been falsely attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). These Hadiths were intentionally created by individuals for various reasons and are not considered authentic or reliable.

Sahih: Sahih refers to authentic Hadiths. These are narrations that have a strong and reliable chain of narrators and are in accordance with Islamic teachings. Sahih Hadiths are considered a reliable source of guidance and can be used to derive Islamic rulings and understand the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

Hasan: Hasan Hadiths are those that have a good, but not as strong, chain of narrators. While they are not as strong as Sahih Hadiths, they are still considered reliable and can be used as a source of guidance in matters of Islamic practice.

Therefore, from the given options, the classification of Hasam does not exist. It is not a recognized classification of Hadith.

The supererogatory prayer with a single rak'ah is Salatul

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The supererogatory prayer with a single rak'ah is Salatul Witr.
Salatul Witr is a voluntary prayer that is performed after the Isha prayer and before the Fajr prayer. It consists of an odd number of rak'ahs (units of prayer), with the minimum being one rak'ah.
This prayer is considered supererogatory, meaning it is not obligatory but highly recommended. It is a way for individuals to earn extra rewards and strengthen their connection with Allah.
Salatul Witr is a special prayer that holds great virtue in Islam. It is often performed separately from the regular daily prayers. It is recommended to perform it during the night, after the Isha prayer, but before the Fajr prayer. However, if someone is unable to wake up for it before Fajr, they can still perform it before going to sleep.
The prayer consists of various rak'ahs, with odd numbers being preferred. The final rak'ah, known as the Witr rak'ah, is the one that distinguishes this prayer from others. It is usually performed with an odd number of units, such as one rak'ah, three rak'ahs, or five rak'ahs, but it can also be performed with more.
During Salatul Witr, additional supplications, known as Qunoot, are made in the final rak'ah. These supplications can be made in Arabic or the person's local language, and they can ask for guidance, forgiveness, and blessings.
Performing Salatul Witr is highly recommended, but it is important to remember that it is not obligatory like the five daily prayers. However, it holds immense spiritual benefits and can strengthen one's relationship with Allah.

In the science of Hadith, the next Sahih to authenticity is

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In the science of Hadith, the next level of authenticity after Sahih is known as Hasan. Hasan hadith refers to a hadith that is considered sound, but with a slightly lower level of authenticity compared to Sahih. To understand this, let's go through the different levels of hadith authenticity briefly: 1. Sahih: Sahih hadith is the highest level of authenticity. It refers to a hadith that has a solid chain of narrators (isnad) and is free from any significant flaws or defects. Sahih hadiths are considered highly reliable and can be confidently attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). 2. Hasan: Hasan hadith comes after Sahih in terms of authenticity. It refers to a hadith that is sound and reliable, but with a slightly weaker chain of narrators compared to Sahih. It may have a minor defect or weakness in its chain or content, but it does not reach the level of Sahih. 3. Da'if: Da'if hadith refers to a weak hadith. It has a flaw or weakness in its chain of narrators or content, making it less reliable than Sahih and Hasan hadiths. Da'if hadiths are not considered strong evidence and should be treated with caution when deriving rulings or beliefs. 4. Muttasil: Muttasil hadith is a term used to describe a hadith with an unbroken chain of narrators from the Prophet (pbuh) through each generation. It indicates a continuous transmission of the hadith and adds to its authenticity. So, in summary, after Sahih, the next level of authenticity in the science of Hadith is Hasan. While Sahih hadiths are considered the most reliable, Hasan hadiths also hold a strong level of authenticity and can be trusted, although they have a slightly weaker chain or minor defect compared to Sahih hadiths.

Halimah, the wet nurse of Muhammad(S.A.W.) hailed from the Banu

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Halimah, the wet nurse of Muhammad(S.A.W.), hailed from the Banu Sa'ad tribe. The Banu Sa'ad tribe was a branch of the larger tribe called Hawazin. They lived in the region of Najd, which is located in the central part of the Arabian Peninsula. When Muhammad(S.A.W.) was born, his mother had passed away and it was common practice in Arabia for infants to be breastfed by a wet nurse. Halimah, who belonged to the Banu Sa'ad tribe, was chosen as Muhammad(S.A.W.)'s wet nurse. Halimah and her husband took care of Muhammad(S.A.W.) during his early years, providing him with nourishment and care. It is said that during this time, Halimah's flock of sheep grew healthier and produced more milk than before, which was seen as a sign of blessing and goodness. Being raised among the Banu Sa'ad tribe, Muhammad(S.A.W.) gained valuable insights and knowledge about tribal customs, traditions, and ways of life. This upbringing would later play a significant role in his leadership and dealings with different tribes in Arabia. In summary, Halimah, the wet nurse of Muhammad(S.A.W.), belonged to the Banu Sa'ad tribe, which was a branch of the Hawazin tribe, residing in the region of Najd in central Arabia.

The unity of Allah is expressed in Suratul -

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The unity of Allah is expressed in Suratul Ikhlas. This chapter of the Quran emphasizes the concept of Tawheed, which is the belief in the oneness of Allah. Surah Ikhlas begins with the statement "Qul huwa Allahu ahad", which means "Say, He is Allah, the One". This verse affirms that Allah is unique and singular, and there is no one like Him. It emphasizes the absolute oneness of Allah, without any partners or associates. The Surah goes on to describe Allah as "As-Samad", which means the Self-Sufficient. This demonstrates that Allah is not in need of anyone or anything, and everything in the universe relies on Him for their existence. Surah Ikhlas also declares that Allah neither begets nor is begotten, meaning that He does not have any children nor is He born or created by anyone. This emphasizes that Allah is eternal and has no beginning or end. By emphasizing these qualities of Allah, Surah Ikhlas conveys the fundamental belief in the unity of Allah and refutes any notions of polytheism or associating partners with Allah. It highlights the importance of understanding and recognizing the uniqueness and singularity of Allah in our faith. In summary, Suratul Ikhlas expresses the unity of Allah by affirming His oneness, uniqueness, and self-sufficiency. It serves as a reminder to believers of the fundamental belief in the Tawheed and the importance of recognizing and worshiping Allah as the one and only God.

The weakest of faith according to Hadith 34 of an-Nawawi is changig an evil with the

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According to Hadith 34 of an-Nawawi, the weakest form of faith is changing an evil with the heart, which means hating it and feeling that it is wrong. This is considered the least that can be done when encountering evil.

Which of the following is an exclusive obligation of the husband?

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An exclusive obligation of the husband is **provision of shelter**. This means that it is the husband's responsibility to provide a home or a place of residence for the family.
Provision of shelter refers to the husband's duty to ensure that his family has a safe and suitable place to live. This includes finding and paying for a house or apartment, arranging for necessary maintenance and repairs, and making sure that the living conditions are comfortable for his spouse and children.
While other options such as **domestic support, provision of job, and counselling** are important roles that a husband can undertake, they are not exclusive obligations. Both spouses should contribute to domestic support and household chores, with the husband sharing responsibilities for cooking, cleaning, and taking care of the children.
Similarly, providing a job is not exclusively the husband's responsibility. Both spouses can work and contribute financially to the family's financial wellbeing and stability.
Counselling can also be a shared responsibility, as both husband and wife should support and guide each other emotionally.
In conclusion, of the options provided, the exclusive obligation of the husband is to ensure the provision of shelter for his family.

The major teaching of Surah an-Nasr(Q. 110) is that

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Surah an-Nasr (Q. 110) discusses the victory of Islam and the rapid expansion of the Muslim community. Therefore, the major teaching of this Surah is that Islam has a bright future.

To seek divine guidance, Muslims are encouraged to perform Salat

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Salat Istikhara is a prayer for seeking divine guidance in decision-making. It is recommended when a Muslim is making a decision and seeks the guidance of Allah. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Istikhara'.

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According to Islamic law, a Muslim man is permitted to marry his late wife's sister. However, he is not permitted to marry his foster mother, his late father's wife, or his foster sister.

Imam Bukhari is to 870 C.E. as Imam Muslim is to

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Imam Muslim, a prominent scholar of Hadith, was born in 817 CE and died in 875 CE. However, his most significant work, Sahih Muslim, was completed in 888 CE.

Makkah is referred to in the Quran chapter 95 verse 3 as the city of

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In the Quran chapter 95 verse 3, Makkah is referred to as the city of *security*. This means that Makkah is a place of safety and protection. It is a city where people can feel secure and have peace of mind. This verse highlights the importance of security in Makkah and emphasizes the sacredness and tranquility of the city. Makkah is considered to be a holy city in Islam, and millions of Muslims visit it every year for the pilgrimage known as Hajj. During this time, the city is filled with worshippers from around the world, and it is essential for them to feel safe and protected during their journey. The mention of Makkah as the city of security in the Quran highlights the significance of this aspect and emphasizes the importance of creating a peaceful and secure environment for the people who visit and reside in Makkah.

The goddesses of the Jahiliyyah Arabs include the following except

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The goddesses of the Jahiliyyah Arabs include al-Lat, al-Manat, and al-Uzzah. However, as-samad is not a goddess of the Jahiliyyah Arabs. As-Samad is one of the names of Allah, mentioned in Surah Al-Ikhlas.

"La Taghdab" in Hadith 16 means

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In Hadith 16, "La Taghdab" means "do not get angry". It is an Arabic phrase that carries a simple and important message in Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) advised his followers to control their anger and not let it overcome them. Anger is a natural human emotion, but it can often lead to negative consequences and harm both to oneself and others. Getting angry can cloud our judgment, lead us to say hurtful words, and may even result in physical aggression. Therefore, Islam encourages individuals to restrain their anger and respond to difficult situations with patience and understanding. This teaching of "La Taghdab" reminds us to be mindful of our emotions, to avoid reacting impulsively when we feel angry. Instead, we should take a step back, reflect on the situation, and respond in a calm and respectful manner. By doing so, we can maintain harmony in our relationships, contribute to a peaceful society, and earn the pleasure of Allah. It is important to note that anger itself is not condemned in Islam. There are times when anger can be justified, such as when witnessing injustice or oppression. However, even in such cases, Islam advises individuals to channel their anger in a constructive and productive way, seeking to rectify the situation without causing harm. In summary, "La Taghdab" means "do not get angry" in the context of Hadith 16. It serves as a reminder to Muslims to control their anger, respond to challenging situations with patience, and strive for peace and harmony in their interactions with others.

The Qur'an is to Muhammad(S.A.W.) as Suhuf is to

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The Qur'an was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), and the Suhuf (Scrolls) were revealed to Prophet Ibrahim (A.S). Therefore, the Qur'an is to Muhammad (S.A.W.) as Suhuf is to Ibrahim (A.S)

The following are voluntary fasting except

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Ashura, Qada', Tasu'a, and Sittah Shawwal are all types of voluntary fasting that can be observed by Muslims. However, there is one option among the given choices that does not fall under the category of voluntary fasting.
Ashura is the voluntary fasting observed on the 10th day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. It is a recommended fast as it holds significance in Islamic history, such as the day when Prophet Musa (Moses) and the Israelites were saved from Pharaoh. It is not obligatory, but highly recommended.
Qada' refers to making up for any obligatory fast that was missed due to a valid reason, such as illness or travel. In this case, it is not a voluntary fasting, but rather a required act to compensate for the missed fast.
Tasu'a is the voluntary fasting observed on the 9th day of Muharram. It is an optional fast, mostly practiced by Shia Muslims in commemoration of the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, who was killed in the battle of Karbala.
Sittah Shawwal refers to the voluntary fasting observed for six consecutive days in the month of Shawwal, immediately after the conclusion of Ramadan. It is a recommended act and is encouraged as a way to gain more rewards after the compulsory fasting of Ramadan.
Therefore, among the given options, Qada' is the one that does not fall under voluntary fasting. Qada' fasting is a necessary requirement to make up for any missed obligatory fasts, whereas the others are recommended but not obligatory.

The capital of an ancient Ghana empire was

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The capital of the ancient Ghana empire was Awkar. The Ghana empire existed from the 4th to 13th centuries in West Africa. Awkar was located in present-day Mali, near the Niger River.
Awkar was an important trading city and served as the political and economic center of the Ghana empire. It was strategically situated between the desert region to the north and the forest region to the south, which allowed for easy access to valuable trade resources from both areas.
The wealth and power of the Ghana empire were primarily built on the control of gold and salt trade routes. Gold was abundant in the forest regions to the south, while salt was scarce in the desert regions to the north. The empire's location made it a critical hub for facilitating trade between the two regions.
Awkar became a flourishing city due to its role as a commercial center. It attracted merchants from various parts of Africa and beyond. These merchants brought goods like textiles, spices, and other valuable resources, creating a bustling marketplace in Awkar.
As the capital of the Ghana empire, Awkar was also home to important political and administrative institutions. It was where the king, known as the Ghana, held court and made decisions regarding the empire. The city was likely adorned with beautiful palaces, mosques, and other structures representing the empire's wealth and influence.
In summary, Awkar served as the capital of the ancient Ghana empire. It was a thriving city located in present-day Mali, known for its importance in trade, politics, and administration.

Voluntary fasting is encouraged on

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Voluntary fasting is encouraged on Mondays.
Fasting on Mondays is considered a virtuous act in Islam. It is not obligatory but highly recommended as it follows the example of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) who used to fast on Mondays.
Fasting on Mondays has several benefits. It helps to gain extra rewards from Allah, strengthens one's faith, purifies the soul, and provides an opportunity for self-discipline and self-reflection. Additionally, fasting on Mondays can boost physical health by allowing the body to detoxify and promoting weight loss.
However, it is important to note that fasting is a personal choice and one should always consult with a healthcare professional before undertaking any fasting regimen, as individual circumstances may vary.

The following nullifies an Islamic marriage if it is not fulfilled except

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The following nullifies an Islamic marriage if it is not fulfilled except marriage feast. In Islamic law, the marriage feast (Walima) is a Sunnah (practice of the Prophet) and not a requirement for the validity of the marriage.

Ijma' as a secondary source of Islamic law implies

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Ijma' as a secondary source of Islamic law refers to the consensus opinion of scholars. It means that when scholars unanimously agree on a particular ruling or interpretation of Islamic law, it becomes a reliable source for deriving legal rulings. This consensus is based on the collective wisdom and knowledge of the scholars who specialize in Islamic jurisprudence. Ijma' provides stability and continuity in interpreting and applying Islamic law as it ensures that the understanding of the religion remains consistent over time. It is considered an essential source because it represents the agreement of experts who have extensively studied and analyzed the Islamic texts and principles. It is important to note that ijma' is not based on the number of scholars who agree, but rather on the agreement of the qualified scholars who possess deep knowledge and expertise in Islamic law. This ensures that the consensus is reliable and reflective of the true spirit and teachings of Islam. Ijma' serves as an established basis for justice because it helps prevent individual interpretations from being imposed on the general Muslim community. It promotes unity and harmony among Muslims by providing a common understanding of the law. Overall, ijma' is a significant secondary source of Islamic law that relies on the consensus opinion of qualified scholars. It helps ensure the stability, consistency, and justice in the interpretation and application of Islamic law. Therefore, it holds a crucial role in shaping the legal framework of Islamic societies.