WAEC SSCE - Animal Husbandry - 2020
Question 1 Report
Chronic Respiratory Disease is prevalent in________
Answer Details
Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is a common problem in poultry, particularly chickens. It is a persistent infection of the respiratory system caused by a combination of bacteria and viruses, including Mycoplasma gallisepticum and infectious bronchitis virus. CRD can cause symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, and reduced growth in infected birds. The disease is highly contagious and spreads easily between birds, making control and prevention a challenge. Good biosecurity practices, such as proper sanitation, isolation of sick birds, and vaccination, can help reduce the spread and impact of CRD in poultry flocks.
Question 2 Report
Fresh forage cut and served to farm animals in their shed is referred to as_______
Answer Details
Fresh forage cut and served to farm animals in their shed is referred to as soilage. Soilage is a type of animal feed made from freshly cut forage that is typically served to farm animals in their shed or barn. The forage can include various plants, such as grasses, legumes, and herbs, and is usually cut and brought in daily. Soilage is a particularly useful feed during the winter months when pasture grasses are not available or during periods of drought when grass growth is limited. The fresh forage provides a source of essential nutrients, such as protein, vitamins, and minerals, and can help maintain the health and productivity of the animals. In contrast to silage, which is a fermented feed made from chopped forage that is stored in airtight conditions, soilage is not fermented and is fed to the animals immediately after being cut. This makes it a quick and convenient feed option for farmers who need to provide their animals with fresh forage on a daily basis.
Question 4 Report
The skin that could be obtained from the farm animal above is called_______
Answer Details
Question 5 Report
The botanical name of Guinea grass is_________.
Answer Details
The botanical name of Guinea grass is Panicum maximum. Guinea grass is a type of warm-season grass that is commonly used for forage, hay, and pasture in many tropical and subtropical regions. It is a fast-growing, highly productive grass that is well-suited to humid environments. Guinea grass is prized for its high nutritional value, palatability, and resistance to drought and heat. It is an important forage crop for livestock, especially for cattle, and can also be used for erosion control and soil stabilization.
Question 6 Report
The gestation period of the animal is_____________
Answer Details
The gestation period refers to the time it takes for an animal to carry and develop its unborn offspring inside its womb before giving birth. Among the options given, the gestation period varies, and it depends on the animal species. For instance, 32 days may be a gestation period for some small rodents, such as mice or hamsters. 114 days could be the gestation period for some dog breeds, such as the German Shepherd or the Golden Retriever. 150 days could be the gestation period for some cows or sheep. And finally, 282 days could be the gestation period for a human being, as the average pregnancy lasts around nine months. Therefore, the gestation period of an animal varies according to its species, and the options given represent different gestation periods of different animals.
Question 7 Report
Forage crops could be ploughed in the soil to serve as_______
Answer Details
Forage crops can be ploughed in the soil to serve as green manure. Green manure refers to the practice of using fresh, growing plants that are ploughed into the soil to improve soil fertility and structure. When forage crops are ploughed into the soil, they decompose and release nutrients back into the soil, adding organic matter to the soil, which helps to improve soil structure, water holding capacity, and nutrient availability to plants. The forage crops also act as a cover crop, protecting the soil from erosion and reducing weed growth. Green manure is a sustainable and natural way to maintain soil fertility and health, and it is widely used in organic farming.
Question 8 Report
Which of the following processes is not involved in artificial insemination?
Answer Details
Mating is the process that is not involved in artificial insemination. Artificial insemination is a process of introducing sperm from a male animal into a female's reproductive tract using methods other than natural mating. In natural mating, the male and female animals engage in sexual intercourse, but in artificial insemination, the process is carried out with human intervention. During artificial insemination, the male animal is usually stimulated to ejaculate to collect the sperm. The sperm is then processed to ensure its quality before being introduced into the female animal's reproductive tract. Ovulation, the process of releasing an egg from the female's ovary, is an essential part of the process as it determines the timing of insemination. Teasing is also an essential part of the process, where the female is observed for signs of heat or estrus, indicating she is receptive to insemination. This helps to ensure the timing of insemination is optimal. Mating is not involved in artificial insemination because the process involves introducing sperm into the female's reproductive tract without natural mating. Instead, the sperm is introduced using a catheter, syringe or other devices, making it an assisted reproductive technology.
Question 9 Report
Which of the following farm animals has the digestive system shown in the diagram?
Answer Details
The digestive system shown in the diagram belongs to a rabbit. Rabbits have a unique digestive system that allows them to extract nutrients from tough plant material. Like other herbivores, they have a complex digestive system that includes a specialized compartment called the cecum, which ferments fibrous material and breaks down cellulose. In the diagram, you can see the cecum, which is labeled "E." The cecum is a sac-like structure located at the beginning of the large intestine. It contains bacteria and other microorganisms that help break down tough plant fibers and extract nutrients from them. After food is eaten, it enters the rabbit's mouth and is partially chewed before being swallowed. It then enters the stomach, where it is mixed with digestive juices and broken down further. From there, it passes into the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Finally, the waste material passes into the large intestine, where water is absorbed and feces are formed. The feces are then excreted, but some of them are also re-ingested by the rabbit to allow for further digestion in the cecum. Overall, the rabbit's digestive system is specialized to allow it to extract as much nutrition as possible from the tough plant material that makes up its diet.
Question 10 Report
Which of the following practices should be carried out by a farmer to encourage regrowth of pasture species?
Answer Details
To encourage regrowth of pasture species, a farmer should carry out controlled burning. This involves burning a small area of the pastureland, which helps to remove dead plant material and promote the growth of new shoots. Burning also helps to control invasive species that may be competing with desirable pasture species for nutrients and sunlight. However, it is important to note that controlled burning should only be carried out under appropriate conditions and with proper safety precautions in place to prevent the fire from spreading and causing harm to people or property.
Question 12 Report
The process by which an animal re-ingests its soft faeces to recover unused nutrients is called______
Answer Details
The process by which an animal re-ingests its soft faeces to recover unused nutrients is called "coprophagy". Coprophagy is a common behavior seen in many animals, especially herbivores such as rabbits, rodents, and some species of birds. These animals have a unique digestive system that allows them to extract the maximum amount of nutrients from their food. However, not all nutrients can be digested on the first pass through the gut. This is where coprophagy comes in. The animals produce two types of feces: hard feces and soft feces. The hard feces are excreted as waste, while the soft feces are re-ingested. The soft feces contain a high concentration of nutrients that the animal could not digest the first time around. By re-ingesting the soft feces, the animal is able to extract more nutrients from its food and maximize its nutritional intake. In summary, coprophagy is an important adaptation that allows some animals to maximize their nutritional intake by re-ingesting their soft feces to recover unused nutrients.
Question 14 Report
Which of the following feed ingredients is required most in formulating ration of layers?
Answer Details
Question 15 Report
A nutritional disorder in cattle characterized by distended stomach is known as_______
Answer Details
The nutritional disorder in cattle characterized by a distended stomach is called "bloat". Bloat occurs when gas builds up in the cow's stomach and cannot be released due to a blockage in the digestive system. The build-up of gas can cause the cow's stomach to become distended and can lead to serious health problems or even death if not treated promptly. Bloat can be caused by a variety of factors, including a diet high in legumes or other gas-producing foods, lack of roughage in the diet, or a blockage in the digestive system. To prevent bloat, it is important to provide cattle with a balanced diet that includes adequate roughage and to monitor them closely for signs of digestive problems.
Question 16 Report