JAMB UTME - Use of English - 2024

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

Accountants are discreet with their records. 

Answer Details

The word "discreet" refers to being careful and prudent in one's speech or actions, especially to avoid causing offense or to gain an advantage. In this context, when we say "Accountants are discreet with their records," it means that they handle their records in a way that is careful and deliberate, ensuring confidentiality and accuracy.

Let's consider the options:

• Rash: This means acting without careful consideration of the possible consequences. It is the opposite of being discreet.
• Strategic: This involves planning and using tactics to achieve a specific goal. While it involves careful planning, it doesn't specifically focus on being careful or prudent with information.
• Wise: This implies having knowledge and good judgment. While related, it doesn't directly capture the element of carefulness or tact in handling information.
• Cautious: This means being careful to avoid potential problems or dangers. It matches the concept of being discreet as it relates to handling records carefully and prudently.

Therefore, the option nearest in meaning to "discreet" in this context is cautious.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

Everyone thought the politician was invincible. 

Answer Details

To find the word with an opposite meaning (antonym) to the underlined word "invincible," we first need to understand its meaning. The word invincible means too powerful to be defeated or overcome.

1. The word invisible means something that cannot be seen. This is not related to power or the ability to be defeated, hence it's not opposite to "invincible."

2. The word unconquerable means impossible to defeat. This is a synonym, not an antonym, of "invincible."

3. The word vindictive means having a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge. This is unrelated to being unbeatable and thus is not the antonym of "invincible."

4. The word surmountable means able to be overcome or conquered. This is the direct opposite of "invincible," which means too powerful to be defeated.

Therefore, the word that is opposite in meaning to invincible is surmountable because it implies that something can be overcome or defeated.

The passage below has gap(s), following each gap is four options. For each gap, choose the most appropriate option. 

Teaching is a noble profession. Only those who have the calling to __6__ [A. impact B. impart C. infer D. confer] knowledge is called great teachers. 

The teachers' duty goes beyond the four walls of a classroom. They teach students various topics and __7__ [A. formula B. courses C. classes D. subjects]. The teacher listens to their students express their worries and fears, yet the teacher has to pacify and __8__ [A. care B. guide C. beat D. guard] them through the right paths. 

As a __9__ [A. stakeholder B. shareholder C. officeholder D. cardholder] in the field of education, the teacher ensures that teaching-learning __10__ [A. habit B. function C. process D. policy] takes place in and out of the classroom. The teacher lights the candle for the others to see. He/ she is fast enough to move at the speed of the __11__ [A. guiness B. genius C. heinous D. spacious] and patient enough for the slow-learner to catch up. 

In his care are the __12__ [A. book B. diary C. register D. attendance], the mark book and every other document which must be duly filled. While at home, the teacher still plans his lesson and prepares his teaching __13__ [A. books B. steps C. maps D. aids], all for the purpose of effective teaching-learning process. 

Teachers should not be brushed aside in the society as teaching is the profession that __14__ [A. birthed B. delivered C. approached D. positioned] other professions. Teachers should be given a great __15__ [A. attention B. honour C. privilege D. care] in the society. 

Fill the gap labelled 9

Answer Details

The sentence in question is discussing the role of a teacher within the field of education. A "stakeholder" is someone who has an interest or investment in the success and functionality of an organization or process. In the context of education, teachers are directly involved in the teaching and learning processes and have a vested interest in educational outcomes. Therefore, they are considered key stakeholders in the field of education.

On the other hand, a "shareholder" refers to someone who owns shares in a company and is concerned with corporate profits, which does not apply in the educational context. An "officeholder" refers to someone who holds an official position, generally in a political or governmental context, which is not directly relevant here. Similarly, a "cardholder" refers to someone who possesses a card (such as a credit card or membership card) and does not relate to the role of a teacher.

Thus, the most appropriate word to fill the gap is "stakeholder".

In each of the following questions, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

The trial of the former governor was stopped and the earlier judgement was declared null and void. 

Answer Details

The phrase underlined in the sentence "was declared null and void" means that something is considered to have no legal effect, value, or binding power. In other words, it is as if it never existed at all.

Let's consider the meanings of the options to find the one with the opposite meaning:

1. Invalid: Similar to null and void as it also means lacking legal force or not valid.

2. Nugatory: Means of no value or importance, essentially similar in essence to null and void.

3. Void: Directly matches with null, again indicating that something is of no legal force or effect.

4. Credible: Implies something or someone being trustworthy or likely to be believed, which is opposite to lacking value or effect.

Therefore, the word opposite in meaning to null and void is credible because credible implies having validity or trustworthiness, whereas null and void implies having no legal standing or validity.

In each of the following questions, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined.

Unemployment among school leavers has reached epidemic proportions. 

Answer Details

The word "epidemic" is often used to describe a situation where a condition or problem is spreading rapidly and affects a large number of people or a community. While it is commonly associated with infectious diseases, it can also be used metaphorically to describe any widespread phenomenon.

In the context of the phrase "Unemployment among school leavers has reached epidemic proportions," it means that the problem of unemployment is not confined to a small area or group, but rather it is very extensive and affects a significant portion of school leavers across a large area or population, similar to how an epidemic disease can spread widely and affect many people.

Therefore, the word that is nearest in meaning to "epidemic" in this context is extensive, as it conveys the idea of something being widespread or having a broad impact.

In each of the following questions, select the option that best completes the gap. 

To be alive after such a serious accident _____ a celebration. 

Answer Details

To determine the correct option that best completes the sentence "To be alive after such a serious accident _____ a celebration," we need to look at the context of the sentence and the subject-verb agreement.

The subject of the sentence is the phrase "To be alive after such a serious accident," which is functioning as a noun phrase and is singular. Hence, it requires a singular verb form.

The phrase that fits such a construction is "calls for," which is a simple present tense phrase that agrees with the singular subject. It suggests that the act of being alive after a serious accident naturally necessitates or demands a celebration, aligning with the idiomatic expression "calls for a celebration."

Thus, the correct completion of the sentence is:

"To be alive after such a serious accident calls for a celebration."

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

My uncle is not sure ____ the strange guests were. 

Answer Details

The most suitable option to complete the sentence "My uncle is not sure ____ the strange guests were." is "who". Here's the explanation:

The word "who" is used when referring to people and asking about their identity. In the given sentence, "the strange guests" are people whose identity is uncertain to the uncle. Therefore, the correct word to fill the blank is "who".

In contrast:

• "Which" is usually used when there is a specific range of options or a limited set of items to choose from.
• "Whom" is a formal term often used in place of "who" when it's the object of a verb or preposition.
• "What" is used to ask about things or information, rather than people.

In each of the following questions, the word in capital letter has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given words relate. 

Bala ate a slice of BREAD.

Answer Details

In the statement "Bala ate a slice of BREAD," the word "BREAD" is emphasized. When a word in a sentence is emphasized, it means that word is being highlighted as the key piece of information. To determine the correct sentence that relates to this emphatic stress, we need to contrast the emphasized word ("BREAD") with alternative options provided.

Among the given options, we are looking for a question where the replacement or alternative to "BREAD" is mentioned. The question "Did Bala eat a slice of cake?" challenges the emphasized word "BREAD" by replacing it with "cake." This makes it the correct option because it tests the emphasis placed on "BREAD."

Therefore, the question "Did Bala eat a slice of cake?" directly contrasts with the emphasis on "BREAD" in the original statement.

Choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options below. The stressed syllables are written in capital letters.  

productivity

Answer Details

The word "productivity" consists of five syllables: pro-duc-tiv-i-ty. To determine the correct stress pattern, it is essential to understand where the emphasis naturally falls in standard English pronunciation.

The most appropriate stress pattern for "productivity" is producTIvity. In English, multi-syllable words commonly have one syllable that is emphasized more than the others. For "productivity," the stress falls on the third syllable "TIv". This is because "productivity" follows a common stress pattern in English where the emphasis is placed on the antepenultimate syllable (the third syllable from the end) in words with more than three syllables.

Therefore, the correct stress pattern for "productivity" emphasizes the third syllable, making it producTIvity.

The passage below has gaps. Following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

One way in which we come to see monolingual standard languages as the norm and __6__ [A. deviations B. aberrations C. criticisms D. deviants] from the imagined monolingual standard language as aberrant, and remember each individual __7__ [A. repertoire B. word C. idea D. statement] is a deviation but repertoires characterised by greater deviation as problematic is through the close association between language and place. You would have seen maps that map languages into territory. You probably can __8__ [A. write B. set C. conjure D. let] in your mind a map of the Americas where almost all of North America is __9__ [A. known B.  coded C. accepted D. conceded] for English except for a bit of French in East Canada, more than half of Central and South America would be coded for Spanish, the other big chunk (Brazil) for Portuguese, and three tiny __10__ [A. havens B. colonies C. isles D. pockets] of English, Dutch and French where the states of Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana are located in addition to maps based on the __11__ [A. national B. common C. local D regional] language of a state, you would be able to find more fine-grained maps that map traditional minority languages into a particular territory. Language maps do not only inform us about global language distributions; they also fulfil a __12__ [A. interactive B. discursive C. intuitive D. reclusive] function, they establish a __13__ [A. plan B. wedge C. bridge D. link] between language and territory as a central and normal way to think about language use. The territorial __14__ [A. principle B. concept C. perception D. technique] is foundational to most thinking about linguistic justice because it __15__ [A. undergirds B. undermines C. underestimate D. underserved] linguistic legislation.

(Source: Ingrid Piler, 2016 p. 33, Linguistic Diversity and Social Justice. Oxford, Oxford University Press)

Select the option that fills the gap labelled 7

Answer Details

The sentence in question discusses how we perceive deviations from the monolingual standard language. The missing word should refer to something that represents an individual's collection of language abilities or linguistic elements.

"Repertoire" is the most suitable choice for the gap labeled 7 because it typically refers to the range or stock of skills, techniques, or pieces known by a person in a particular field. In the context of language, it refers to the entire collection of language skills and elements an individual possesses.

The other options, "word," "idea," and "statement," all refer to smaller, singular items, not the broad collection or variety that "repertoire" encompasses. In the given sentence, the emphasis is on deviations at a more comprehensive level, which characterizes an individual's entire linguistic capability rather than just a single word, idea, or statement.

Thus, using "repertoire" aligns with the context of discussing linguistic variability and diversity, making it the most accurate and appropriate choice for an individual's collection of language elements.

Choose the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence. 

One of the prerequisites for success in examination is burning the midnight oil. 

Answer Details

The phrase "burning the midnight oil" is an idiomatic expression that means to study or work late into the night. It originates from the time when oil lamps were commonly used to provide light after dark. Therefore, when someone is said to be "burning the midnight oil," it implies they are studying or working hard late into the night.

The option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence is "needs to study late into the night" . This option captures the essence of the idiomatic expression, emphasizing the effort of staying up and working/ studying during late hours to achieve success in an examination.

Answer Details

The word "bathe" has the vowel sound **/eɪ/**, which is represented by the underlined "a". This vowel sound is a diphthong, meaning it consists of two vowel sounds gliding together to form one sound. The sound **/eɪ/** is similar to the vowel sound in the word "face".

Let's analyze the options to determine which one has the same vowel sound:

• "Rake" has the vowel sound **/eɪ/**, which is the same as in "bathe".
• "Tear" can have two vowel sounds: **/ɪə/** as in "tear" (rip) or **/ɛə/** as in "tear" (a liquid drop), neither of which matches **/eɪ/**.
• "Bath" has the vowel sound **/æ/**, which is different from **/eɪ/**.
• "Care" has the vowel sound **/ɛə/**, which does not match **/eɪ/**.

Thus, the word "rake" shares the same vowel sound **/eɪ/** as the underlined vowel sound in "bathe".

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s)

His car ____ of fuel so he arrived late for the meeting. 

Answer Details

The correct phrase to complete the sentence is "ran out of". Therefore, the sentence should read: "His car ran out of fuel so he arrived late for the meeting."

Here’s the explanation:

• The phrasal verb "run out of" means to use up a supply of something, so there's none left. In this context, it means that the car used up all of its fuel and had no more left.
• "Ran out" by itself does not indicate from where or what is exhausted unless followed by "of".
• "Ran out on" typically means to abandon someone or something, which is not applicable in this context.
• "Ran on out" is not a standard or meaningful expression in English in relation to running out of something.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

My father loves bringing ___ old memories. 

Answer Details

The correct option to complete the sentence is "up". In the context of the sentence, "bringing up old memories" means mentioning or recalling memories that have happened in the past. The phrasal verb "bring up" is commonly used when you want to talk about starting to talk about a certain topic or subject.

The other options don't fit well in this context:

• "in" - "Bringing in" is typically used when you want to state that something is being brought to a place or included, but it doesn’t logically fit in the context of recollecting memories.
• "down" - "Bringing down" usually means to reduce or cause to fall, which is unrelated to recalling memories.
• "over" - "Bringing over" often refers to physically taking someone or something to a place, but not in the context of discussing or remembering memories.

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined.

A vulture was hovering over the dead goat. 

Answer Details

The term "hovering over" typically means to remain in the air in one place or move slightly above or around something. A vulture hovering over a dead goat suggests that it is staying airborne near the carcass, observing it intently, probably before descending to feed. This does not involve moving erratically or jumping; neither does it imply physically standing on the goat at this moment.

Therefore, the option closest in meaning to "hovering over" in this context is "flying around," as it captures the idea of the bird maintaining a position in the air above the goat.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

The man is not as powerful as he once was, his influence has considerably _______

Answer Details

The man is not as powerful as he once was, his influence has considerably diminished.

The word "diminished" means something that has become less or decreased in size, extent, or importance. In this context, it perfectly completes the sentence by indicating that the man's influence has decreased over time.

Let us examine why the other words are not suitable:

• Toppled: This term usually means to fall or push over something. It's often used in a context referring to overthrowing a regime or a government, which doesn't quite fit here.
• Quelled: This means to put an end to or to subdue something, often used in the context of quelling a disturbance or a rebellion. It doesn't fit the context of something naturally decreasing.
• Discarded: This word means to throw something away or to get rid of something. It's generally used in a context different from influence decreasing over time.

Therefore, diminished is the most appropriate choice as it aligns with the context of the man's influence reducing.

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined.

The lecturer's wife has become quite unconscionable. 

Answer Details

The word "unconscionable" refers to behaviour that is immoral or unethical and beyond what is reasonable or just. The nearest in meaning to the word unconscionable is unbecoming, which means inappropriate or not in keeping with the standards of behaviour expected in a particular context, though less severe than unconscionable.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

She looks very pale. 

Answer Details

The word **pale** generally refers to having a lighter complexion, which can suggest **illness** or **lack of color**. To find the opposite meaning, we want a word that suggests **rich color** or **healthiness** of the complexion.

**Ruddy** means having a **healthy reddish color**, typically related to a healthy, vibrant complexion. Therefore, **ruddy** is the opposite of **pale**, as it signifies health and colorfulness in contrast to the paleness that suggests lack of color or unhealthiness.

On the other hand, **strange**, **sick**, and **weak** do not convey the opposite of a pale complexion. **Strange** means unusual, **sick** means unhealthy, and **weak** indicates lacking strength. None of these implies a healthy or rich color like **ruddy** does.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

Everyone in class wanted the Literature teacher to ______ the point of view of the _______.

Answer Details

The correct option that best completes the sentence is: expatiate/playwright. Here's why:

1. **Expatiate:** This means to speak or write in detail about a particular topic. In the context of the sentence, the students wanted the Literature teacher to elaborate or explain the point of view more thoroughly. The correct spelling is "expatiate", not "expantiate," which is incorrect.

2. **Playwright:** This refers to a person who writes plays, and is the correct term in this context as it concerns literature. The word should not be confused with "playwriter" or "playwrite," both of which are incorrect. The suffix "wright" indicates a maker or builder, and "playwright" specifically refers to the creator of plays.

Thus, the sentence would read: Everyone in class wanted the Literature teacher to expatiate the point of view of the playwright.

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s)

We have known Rose for some years now, she is a friend of ____

Answer Details

The correct option to complete the sentence is "ours".

Here's the explanation:

• Ours: This is the correct possessive pronoun. It is used to show ownership and does not require an apostrophe. It means "belonging to us". In the sentence, "she is a friend of ours" effectively means "she is a friend belonging to us".
• Our's: This is incorrect because there is no possessive pronoun form with an apostrophe before 's'. Possessive pronouns are inherently complete and do not need an apostrophe.
• Ours': This is also incorrect. The placement of the apostrophe after 's' suggests a plural possessive, which is not applicable here.
• Our: "Our" is a possessive adjective and must be followed by a noun to make sense in a sentence. The phrase would be ungrammatically incomplete if constructed as "she is a friend of our".

Therefore, the correct choice is "ours" because it properly shows possession without the need for an apostrophe.

The following question is based on Khadija Abububakar Jalili's The Life Changer.

At first, Salma did not like the

Answer Details

In Khadija Abubakar Jalli's novel, The Life Changer, Salma initially had reservations about the composition of her roommates in the hostel. Salma was depicted as someone who had a strong personality and certain preconceived notions about people from different backgrounds. Consequently, she felt uncertain and uncomfortable about sharing a room with individuals whose ethnic and cultural backgrounds were different from hers.

Her initial reluctance was not focused on the ethnic groups of her roommates per se, but rather on the entire dynamics and diversity of the composition. Such situations can be challenging for people as they might fear potential conflicts or misunderstandings due to diverse cultural or personal habits. However, over time, with exposure and understanding, Salma learns to appreciate this diversity. This transformation underlines one of the themes of the book, highlighting personal growth and the importance of open-mindedness.

It's important to note that Salma's feelings were not about the room she was allocated or the hostel itself; her primary concern was more about her roommates and the immediate social environment she had to adapt to. This reflects a common challenge faced by many individuals when they encounter new environments, especially places that require close interactions with people of diverse backgrounds.

In each of the following questions, choose the option that rhymes with the given word. 

Light

Answer Details

To determine which word rhymes with the given word "Light," it is essential to understand the sound of the ending part of the word. **Rhyming words** have the same ending sound.

The given word is "Light." The **ending sound** of "Light" is /-aɪt/.

Now, let's consider the options:

1. **Lure** - The ending sound of "Lure" is /-ʊr/. This does not rhyme with "Light" because the sound is different.

2. **Hate** - The ending sound of "Hate" is /-eɪt/. This does not rhyme with "Light" because the ending sound is different.

3. **Right** - The ending sound of "Right" is /-aɪt/. This rhymes with "Light" because they have the same ending sound.

4. **Caught** - The ending sound of "Caught" is /-ɔːt/. This does not rhyme with "Light" because the ending sound is different.

In summary, among the given options, the only word that rhymes with "Light" is **Right** because they both end with the **same sound**, /-aɪt/.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

Jemila's austere reaction kept everyone on their toes. 

Answer Details

The word "austere" refers to being strict, severe, or stern in manner, attitude, or appearance.

Now, let's look at the options given:

• Harsh: Similar to "austere" as it also suggests a strict or severe quality.
• Ambitious: Refers to having a strong desire for success but does not relate to being strict.
• Disgusting: Means something that arouses disgust or revulsion, focusing on a negative emotional reaction rather than strictness.
• Benign: Means kind, gentle, or harmless. This is opposite in meaning to "austere" because benign suggests a kind and gentle approach rather than a severe or strict one.

Therefore, the option that is opposite in meaning to the word "austere" is benign.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The honeybee includes a group of insects that in a broad sense comprises all bees that make honey. They are social insects and live together in hives. The honeybee is remarkable for the dancing movement it performs in the hive to communicate information to its fellow bees about the location, distance, size, and quality of a particular food source in the surrounding area. There are two honeybee sexes, male and female, and two female castes. The two female castes are known as workers and queens. The males, or drones, are larger than the workers and are present only for about eight weeks, in early summer. The workers and queen have stingers, whereas the drones are stingless. The queens' unfertilised eggs develop into drones, whereas fertilised eggs develop into females, which may be either workers or virgin queens. Eggs destined to become queens are deposited in queen cells. After hatching, the virgin queens are fed royal jelly. When not fed a diet consisting solely of royal jelly, virgin queens will develop into workers. 

Adapted from Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopedia (2020, March 24), honeybee. Encyclopedia Britannica.

Which of the honeybees does not live long?

Answer Details

The drones are the honeybees that do not live long. Drone bees are male bees whose primary role is to mate with a queen bee. They do not participate in foraging for food or taking care of the hive. Once they have completed their mating role, they typically die shortly thereafter because mating is a fatal act for them.

In addition, if drones have not mated by the end of the mating season, they are often expelled from the hive by the worker bees. This is primarily because drones do not contribute to the hive's upkeep, and during times when resources are scarce, it is not beneficial for the colony to support them. Therefore, drones generally have a shorter lifespan compared to the queen and worker bees in the hive.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The honeybee includes a group of insects that in a broad sense comprises all bees that make honey. They are social insects and live together in hives. The honeybee is remarkable for the dancing movement it performs in the hive to communicate information to its fellow bees about the location, distance, size, and quality of a particular food source in the surrounding area. There are two honeybee sexes, male and female, and two female castes. The two female castes are known as workers and queens. The males, or drones, are larger than the workers and are present only for about eight weeks, in early summer. The workers and queen have stingers, whereas the drones are stingless. The queens' unfertilised eggs develop into drones, whereas fertilised eggs develop into females, which may be either workers or virgin queens. Eggs destined to become queens are deposited in queen cells. After hatching, the virgin queens are fed royal jelly. When not fed a diet consisting solely of royal jelly, virgin queens will develop into workers. 

Adapted from Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopedia (2020, March 24), honeybee. Encyclopedia Britannica.

Apart from being born royal, a queen can lose its royalty by becoming a worker through 

Answer Details

A queen bee can lose her status and develop into a worker bee primarily due to a **change in her diet**. When a bee larva is developing, its diet determines whether it becomes a queen or a worker. Larvae that are destined to become queens are fed **royal jelly** throughout their development. This special diet contains higher levels of certain nutrients and hormones that trigger the development of queen-specific characteristics, such as fully developed ovaries and larger body size.

If a larva does not receive a continuous diet of royal jelly but instead is given a substance called **bee bread** (a mixture of pollen and honey), it will develop into a worker bee. Worker bees are sterile females and have different physical and behavioral characteristics compared to queens.

Thus, if a potential queen bee larva is not fed an adequate amount of royal jelly due to the absence of certain conditions or mishaps, it can lead to the development of a worker bee. In essence, the appropriate diet is crucial for the maintenance of a bee's royal status.

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word. 

moth

Answer Details

The word "moth" rhymes with "wrath." In English, words "rhyme" when they have the same ending sound.

Let's break it down:

• The ending sound of both "moth" and "wrath" is /ɒθ/ in British English or /ɑːθ/ in American English.
• On the other hand, "both" ends with the /oʊθ/ sound.
• "What" ends with the /ʌt/ sound.
• "Boat" ends with the /oʊt/ sound.

Therefore, the word "wrath" is the one that rhymes with "moth" because they share similar ending sounds.

In each of the following questions, choose the option that has the same vowel sounds as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

Market

Answer Details

Choose the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentences.

Moses won the contest hands down. 

Answer Details

The phrase "won the contest hands down" is an idiomatic expression. In this context, it means that Moses won the contest very easily and with little effort. The term "hands down" originates from horse racing, where a jockey could win so comfortably that they did not need to keep a tight grip on the reins, hence, hands down. Therefore, it implies a victory that is decisive and without any struggle.

The passage below has gaps. Following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

One way in which we come to see monolingual standard languages as the norm and __6__ [A. deviations B. aberrations C. criticisms D. deviants] from the imagined monolingual standard language as aberrant, and remember each individual __7__ [A. repertoire B. word C. idea D. statement] is a deviation but repertoires characterised by greater deviation as problematic is through the close association between language and place. You would have seen maps that map languages into territory. You probably can __8__ [A. write B. set C. conjure D. let] in your mind a map of the Americas where almost all of North America is __9__ [A. known B.  coded C. accepted D. conceded] for English except for a bit of French in East Canada, more than half of Central and South America would be coded for Spanish, the other big chunk (Brazil) for Portuguese, and three tiny __10__ [A. havens B. colonies C. isles D. pockets] of English, Dutch and French where the states of Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana are located in addition to maps based on the __11__ [A. national B. common C. local D regional] language of a state, you would be able to find more fine-grained maps that map traditional minority languages into a particular territory. Language maps do not only inform us about global language distributions; they also fulfil a __12__ [A. interactive B. discursive C. intuitive D. reclusive] function, they establish a __13__ [A. plan B. wedge C. bridge D. link] between language and territory as a central and normal way to think about language use. The territorial __14__ [A. principle B. concept C. perception D. technique] is foundational to most thinking about linguistic justice because it __15__ [A. undergirds B. undermines C. underestimate D. underserved] linguistic legislation.

(Source: Ingrid Piler, 2016 p. 33, Linguistic Diversity and Social Justice. Oxford, Oxford University Press)

Select the option that best fills the gap labelled 8

Answer Details

To fill the gap labeled 8, we need a word that appropriately conveys the action of forming a mental image or visualization of a map. The word that best fits this context is "conjure". The phrase "conjure in your mind a map of the Americas" suggests the idea of creating or visualizing a map in one's mind. This is similar to magically bringing an image into mind, just as one would conjure an image or idea through imagination. The other options do not effectively convey this mental visualization process:

• "Write" is more closely associated with putting down words or marks on a surface, which does not fit the context of visualizing a map.
• "Set" often implies placing or establishing something in a particular position or state, which doesn't align with creating a visual mental image.
• "Let" means to allow or permit, which doesn't fit the context of forming an image in one's mind.

Therefore, the correct choice is the word that effectively captures the imaginal process described, which is "conjure."

The following question is based on Khadija Abububakar Jalili's The Life Changer.

The acronym "EMEC" as used in the novel means

Answer Details

In Khadija Abubakar Jalili's novel The Life Changer, the acronym "EMEC" stands for Examination Malpractice and Ethics Committee. This committee is responsible for addressing issues related to unfair practices in examinations. It works to maintain the integrity and ethical standards of the examination process by ensuring that students and educators adhere to the rules and regulations set to promote a fair and honest academic environment. The main function of this committee is to investigate and resolve cases of cheating or other misconduct during examinations.

Choose the option that best completes the gap in the sentence.

Mr Ezeh _______ with some solutions to the issue. 

Answer Details

In the given sentence, "Mr. Ezeh _______ with some solutions to the issue," the correct verb phrase to fill the gap is "came up." The sentence is likely referring to a past action where Mr. Ezeh presented or generated solutions.

Here's why each option can be considered:

• "came up": This is the past tense of the phrasal verb "come up with," which means to think of or produce an idea or solution. The use of past tense indicates that the action of presenting solutions has been completed, making it the most appropriate choice for the sentence.
• "come up": This is the present tense and does not fit well in the context if the action occurred in the past.
• "flew up": This phrasal verb usually refers to an actual upward movement and not related to generating ideas or solutions. Hence, it's unrelated to the context of the sentence.
• "brought up": While "brought up" can refer to introducing a topic or idea, it doesn't specifically imply generating "solutions" to an issue. Instead, it usually refers to introducing topics in conversation.

Therefore, "came up" is the correct choice because it implies Mr. Ezeh thought of or presented solutions in the past.

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the options to which the given sentence relates. 

The architect did the DESIGN. 

Answer Details

Emphatic stress is the placement of greater stress on a particular word in a sentence or utterance for emphasis, correction or clarification. To test for emphatic stress, the contrasting question should affirm or negate the specific word in capital letters ("DESIGN"). Option D contrasts "design" with "draft," making it the appropriate response to confirm emphasis.

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

The old fire station has obviously become derelict.

Answer Details

The word "derelict" refers to something that has been abandoned and is in a poor or neglected state. It is often used to describe buildings or structures that are no longer in use and have fallen into disrepair.

• The word "moribund" describes something that is at the point of death or is in decline but does not necessarily imply abandonment or neglect.
• The word "glamorous" describes something that is charmingly or fascinatingly attractive, which is the opposite of the meaning of "derelict".
• The word "enlivened" refers to something that has been made lively or spirited, which also contradicts the meaning of "derelict".
• The word "titivated" means to make something more attractive by adding decorations, which is also opposite to being abandoned or neglected.

The option nearest in meaning to "derelict" is "moribund" because it suggests decline, although it doesn't specifically indicate abandonment. The context of the phrase suggests that the fire station is not only neglected but also likely to be in a state of disrepair, which aligns more closely with "moribund" than the other options.

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence

Our school field is bigger than yours.

Answer Details

The sentence "Our school field is bigger than yours" conveys a comparison of size between two school fields. This sentence clearly indicates that our school field is larger in size compared to your school field.

Now let's examine the options:

• Your school is bigger than ours: This option talks about the overall school size, not the field. It contradicts the original sentence because it implies your school is bigger, which is not discussed in the context of fields.
• Your school is not bigger than ours: This option, again, refers to the schools instead of just the fields. It might align with the general notion, but it does not directly address the field size comparison.
• Our school field is as big as yours: This implies that both fields are of the same size. However, the original sentence clearly states that our field is bigger, not equal in size.
• Your school field is not as big as ours: This option accurately paraphrases the original comparison by saying that your field is smaller than ours, maintaining the original meaning and focus on field size.

Thus, the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence is "Your school field is not as big as ours."

The passage below has gap(s), following each gap is four options. For each gap, choose the most appropriate option. 

Teaching is a noble profession. Only those who have the calling to __6__ [A. impact B. impart C. infer D. confer] knowledge is called great teachers. 

The teachers' duty goes beyond the four walls of a classroom. They teach students various topics and __7__ [A. formula B. courses C. classes D. subjects]. The teacher listens to their students express their worries and fears, yet the teacher has to pacify and __8__ [A. care B. guide C. beat D. guard] them through the right paths. 

As a __9__ [A. stakeholder B. shareholder C. officeholder D. cardholder] in the field of education, the teacher ensures that teaching-learning __10__ [A. habit B. function C. process D. policy] takes place in and out of the classroom. The teacher lights the candle for the others to see. He/ she is fast enough to move at the speed of the __11__ [A. guiness B. genius C. heinous D. spacious] and patient enough for the slow-learner to catch up. 

In his care are the __12__ [A. book B. diary C. register D. attendance], the mark book and every other document which must be duly filled. While at home, the teacher still plans his lesson and prepares his teaching __13__ [A. books B. steps C. maps D. aids], all for the purpose of effective teaching-learning process. 

Teachers should not be brushed aside in the society as teaching is the profession that __14__ [A. birthed B. delivered C. approached D. positioned] other professions. Teachers should be given a great __15__ [A. attention B. honour C. privilege D. care] in the society. 

Fill the gap labelled 8

Answer Details

The sentence in question is: "The teacher listens to their students express their worries and fears, yet the teacher has to pacify and __8__ them through the right paths."

In this context, the word that best fits is "guide." The role of teachers is not only to listen to their students and provide comfort (i.e., to "pacify" them) but also to lead or direct them in making the right decisions. Thus, teachers help students in finding the right path—in life or in learning—by offering direction or advice, which is what "guide" implies.

Other options such as "care" do not quite capture the action of showing someone the way forward, while "beat" is certainly inappropriate as it conveys physical force, which contrasts with the desired nurturing role of a teacher. "Guard" may imply protection, but it does not suggest the act of directing students along a path.

Answer Details

To solve this question, we need to focus on the consonant sound represented by the underlined letter(s) in the word "uncle", which is **"n"**. We want to find an option with the **same "n" consonant sound**.

Let's examine each option:

• Bring: This word contains the consonant sounds "br" and "ng". The "n" sound in "bring" is similar, but is part of the "ng" sound, which makes it different as a consonant combination.
• Long: This word ends with "ng", which contains a nasalized "n" sound, but is combined with "g" to form a distinct sound, different from the standalone "n" in "uncle".
• Bang: This word also ends with "ng", similar to "long", which forms a nasalized "ng" sound, not a standalone "n" like in "uncle".
• Ink: This word has the standalone consonant sound "n" right after the vowel "i", similar to the "n" present in "uncle".

In conclusion, the word "ink" has the **same consonant sound** as the underline "n" in "uncle".

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

river

Answer Details

In each of the following questions, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

The instructions given to him are vague.

Answer Details

The word vague means something that is not clearly expressed, or is uncertain and lacking in specificity. When something is vague, it is not precise or definite.
To find a word that is opposite in meaning, we look for terms that imply clarity or exactness. The word "clear" is the best opposite for "vague". "Clear" means something that is easy to perceive, understand, or recognize with no ambiguity. It indicates that there is no confusion or uncertainty, making it the direct opposite of vague.
On the other hand, the words "obscure" and "hazy" both suggest a lack of clarity similar to "vague," while "sure" indicates certainty in belief but does not necessarily relate to clarity of instruction. Therefore, "clear" is the correct choice.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

Women always ______ themselves in beautiful apparel. 

Answer Details

To complete the sentence "Women always ______ themselves in beautiful apparel," we need a verb that logically connects with "beautiful apparel." Let's look at the options:

• Adorn: This verb means to decorate or add beauty. So, when someone adorns themselves, they decorate themselves in a beautiful way. The word "adorn" is commonly used in the context of clothing and jewelry, making it the most appropriate choice for this sentence.
• Mar: This verb means to spoil or damage. It doesn't fit with the context of wearing beautiful apparel.
• Trim: This usually means to cut or decorate the edges. While "trim" can relate to apparel, it doesn't accurately describe how someone would generally dress themselves.
• Garnish: This is often used in the context of food, meaning to add decorative items. It is not typically used for clothing.

Therefore, the best word to complete the sentence is "adorn." Women always adorn themselves in beautiful apparel.

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

buoy

Answer Details

The word "buoy" contains the vowel sound represented by the letters "uoy," which creates a diphthong that sounds like "oi" or "oy." This specific sound can be heard in the word "boy" where the "oy" produces the same diphthong.

Therefore, the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined in "buoy" is "boy," because both share the same "oi" diphthong sound.

The following question is based on Khadija Abububakar Jalili's The Life Changer.

According to the novel, Bint's Social Studies teacher is

Answer Details

Bint describes her Social Studies teacher as meddlesome as she narrates how she took on her Social Studies teacher who thinks he knows "a little bit about every subject under the sun". This can be found on page 1 of the novel. 

Read the passage below and answer each questions that follow:

Weathering, which is the gradual breaking down or disintegration of rocks into smaller particles or fragments by either physical or chemical process, can be affected by many factors. Generally speaking, the climatic condition of a particular area has a great effect on the weathering. Physical or mechanical weathering needs temperature and water. 

Chemical weathering, on the other hand, thrives where the climate is hot. We were all taught all these in the four walls of the classroom. I made a visit to my village to see these scientific discoveries. I noticed big trees with their roots penetrating into rocks and breaking them. I initially wondered and puzzled seeing trees growing from the rock. 

A similar thing happened to the soil sampling surrounding where there were rocks. I could see the rock particles mixing up with the rest of the soil. 

The writer was puzzled because

Answer Details

The writer was puzzled because he saw big trees growing from the rocks. This observation puzzled him as it contradicted his understanding or expectations based on the classroom teachings about weathering and the capacity of rocks to be penetrated by tree roots. It was unexpected for him to see tree roots capable of breaking down rocks, demonstrating a natural occurrence of weathering in action. This newfound understanding of how weathering can occur in different ways, such as through the penetration of tree roots, was the source of his puzzlement.

Read the passage below and answer each questions that follow:

Weathering, which is the gradual breaking down or disintegration of rocks into smaller particles or fragments by either physical or chemical process, can be affected by many factors. Generally speaking, the climatic condition of a particular area has a great effect on the weathering. Physical or mechanical weathering needs temperature and water. 

Chemical weathering, on the other hand, thrives where the climate is hot. We were all taught all these in the four walls of the classroom. I made a visit to my village to see these scientific discoveries. I noticed big trees with their roots penetrating into rocks and breaking them. I initially wondered and puzzled seeing trees growing from the rock. 

A similar thing happened to the soil sampling surrounding where there were rocks. I could see the rock particles mixing up with the rest of the soil. 

Learning in the four walls of a classroom implies

Answer Details

The phrase "learning in the four walls of a classroom" implies formal education. Formal education refers to the systematic, structured education that occurs primarily in school settings, often involving a specific curriculum and conducted by trained teachers. This type of education takes place within classrooms, which are typically part of school buildings, hence the phrase about the "four walls". Students are educated in a formal environment where knowledge is imparted through a set curriculum, examinations, and assessments.

The passage below has gaps. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. 

If one is looking for a particular book, he can either use the __6__ [A. reverse catalogue B. borrower's catalogue C. dictionary catalogue D. title catalogue] or the __7__ [A. author catalogue B. book catalogue C. title catalogue D. yearly catalogue] to locate the position of the book on the __8__ [A. table B. shelf C. cupboard D. desk] This can be done through the __9__ [A. borrower-mark B. reserve-mark C. call-mark D. year-mark] identification number. On the other hand, if the student has no particular book in mind, but wants to borrow any on a particular subject, say Mathematics, he can go to the __10__ [A. subject catalogue B. publisher catalogue C. reference catalogue D. cover catalogue]. There he will find the __11__ [A. book-card B. call-card C. author-card D. seller-card] of every book that deals with Mathematics as a subject. Apart from this, since all the shelves have instructions and numbers regarding the books on them, the person can read the __12__ [A. card's guide B. author's guide C. shelf-guides D. book-guides] and the book __13__ [A. acknowledgements B. commentaries C. titles D. spines] to get the book he wants. He can take the book to the __14__ [A. table B. reserve section C. sitting corner D. lending desk] where the library assistant removes the book card from the book __15__ [A. pocket B. title C. call-names D. reserve] and record the borrower's name on it. 

Choose the option that best fills the gap labelled 13

Answer Details

To determine which option best fills the gap labeled 13, we need to understand the context in which the word will be used. Here's a breakdown of each option:

• Acknowledgements: This term refers to an expression of gratitude for assistance in producing a work or a part of a work like a book, thesis, or research paper. It's typically found at the beginning of such documents.
• Commentaries: Commentaries are a series of explanations or interpretations about a text, event, or piece of work. They provide insight or opinion on the subject matter.
• Titles: This word refers to the name of a book, composition, or other artistic work. Titles are found at the top or front of the work and are often bold or italicized to denote importance.
• Spines: The spine of a book is the part where the pages are bound together and usually displays the title, author's name, and publisher. It's the side view of a book when it is placed on a shelf.

Given these definitions, if the context requires a term related to the primary name or designation displayed prominently, "Titles" is likely the appropriate choice. If the text pertains to explaining or interpreting a work, "Commentaries" might fit. If it refers to expressing gratitude in a document, "Acknowledgements" is suitable. If it involves the physical part of a book's binding, "Spines" is the best choice.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined. 

All men in public life should be altruistic. 

Answer Details

The term "altruistic" means being selflessly concerned for the well-being of others. Essentially, an altruistic person prioritizes the needs and interests of others over their own.

To find the word that is opposite in meaning to "altruistic," we need to identify a word that implies a lack of concern for others and a focus on oneself.

• "Selfish" describes someone who is primarily concerned with their own interests, benefits, and well-being, often at the expense of others. This is the opposite of altruistic behavior.
• "Antagonistic" refers to being opposed or hostile to someone or something, which is not directly opposite to altruistic.
• "Selfless" means having little or no concern for oneself, similar to altruistic, hence it is not an opposite.
• "Unkind" refers to a lack of compassion or friendliness. While it is negative, it does not specifically focus on self-interest like "selfish" does.

So, the option that is opposite in meaning to "altruistic" is "selfish".

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

But for the timely intervention of the police, the thief ______ by the angry mob. 

Answer Details

To correctly complete the sentence, we must understand the structure and the context. The phrase "But for" indicates a situation where something was prevented. It sets up a conditional statement of something that did not happen because of an intervention.

Here, the intervention of the police prevented a potential action by the mob. Thus, we use a conditional perfect tense to express this unreal past condition.

The correct option to complete the sentence is: would have been lynched. This phrase, "would have been lynched," is in the past perfect conditional tense. It describes an action that could have happened in the past but did not occur due to an intervening factor, in this case, the timely intervention of the police.

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence. 

Driving in Lagos is a difficult task. 

Answer Details

The sentence "Driving in Lagos is a difficult task" describes the nature of driving in Lagos, indicating that it is not easy. This implies that there are complexities or challenges involved in driving in this location. To put it simply:

• The sentence conveys that **driving in Lagos is challenging**. This is not an easy or straightforward activity due to factors like traffic congestion, road conditions, or other situational variables.

Therefore, the option that best explains this is: "It is a herculean task driving in Lagos."

Choose the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

Yerima always holds his own in any situation he finds himself. 

Answer Details

The sentence "Yerima always holds his own in any situation he finds himself" best conveys the information that **Yerima has self-confidence**.

The phrase "holds his own" means that a person is able to maintain their position and assert themselves effectively, regardless of circumstances. This typically requires a belief in one's abilities and a strong sense of self-assurance. Therefore, the key quality being described here is self-confidence.

Choose the option that best completes the gap in the sentence. 

Are those girls friends of _____?

Answer Details

The correct choice to complete the sentence is "yours."

Here's the explanation:

• "your's" is incorrect because the apostrophe indicates possession, but in standard English, the word "yours" is already the possessive pronoun, so no apostrophe is needed.


• "your" is a possessive adjective used before a noun, for example, "your book." Since the sentence is asking about the pronoun referring to the owner of the friends, "your" is not appropriate.
• "yours'" is incorrect because it attempts to pluralize or possess a form that is already possessive. "Yours" is the correct possessive pronoun and does not need an apostrophe.
• "yours" is the correct answer. It is the possessive pronoun which indicates that something belongs to "you." In this context, it functions correctly to refer to the ownership of the friends being inquired about.

Therefore, the sentence should read: "Are those girls friends of yours?"

Teaching is a noble profession. Only those who have the calling to __6__ [A. impact B. impart C. infer D. confer] knowledge is called great teachers. 

The teachers' duty goes beyond the four walls of a classroom. They teach students various topics and __7__ [A. formula B. courses C. classes D. subjects]. The teacher listens to their students express their worries and fears, yet the teacher has to pacify and __8__ [A. care B. guide C. beat D. guard] them through the right paths. 

As a __9__ [A. stakeholder B. shareholder C. officeholder D. cardholder] in the field of education, the teacher ensures that teaching-learning __10__ [A. habit B. function C. process D. policy] takes place in and out of the classroom. The teacher lights the candle for the others to see. He/ she is fast enough to move at the speed of the __11__ [A. guiness B. genius C. heinous D. spacious] and patient enough for the slow-learner to catch up. 

In his care are the __12__ [A. book B. diary C. register D. attendance], the mark book and every other document which must be duly filled. While at home, the teacher still plans his lesson and prepares his teaching __13__ [A. books B. steps C. maps D. aids], all for the purpose of effective teaching-learning process. 

Teachers should not be brushed aside in the society as teaching is the profession that __14__ [A. birthed B. delivered C. approached D. positioned] other professions. Teachers should be given a great __15__ [A. attention B. honour C. privilege D. care] in the society.

Fill the gap labelled 7

Answer Details

Teachers teach various "subjects," which are the areas of study, like mathematics or literature.

Read the passage below and answer each questions that follow:

Weathering, which is the gradual breaking down or disintegration of rocks into smaller particles or fragments by either physical or chemical process, can be affected by many factors. Generally speaking, the climatic condition of a particular area has a great effect on the weathering. Physical or mechanical weathering needs temperature and water. 

Chemical weathering, on the other hand, thrives where the climate is hot. We were all taught all these in the four walls of the classroom. I made a visit to my village to see these scientific discoveries. I noticed big trees with their roots penetrating into rocks and breaking them. I initially wondered and puzzled seeing trees growing from the rock. 

A similar thing happened to the soil sampling surrounding where there were rocks. I could see the rock particles mixing up with the rest of the soil. 

One can conclude from the passage that

Answer Details

The passage suggests that rock particles can be found in the soil. It describes an observation where the roots of big trees penetrate and break rocks, leading to the mixing of rock particles with the soil surrounding the rocks. This indicates that weathering processes break down rocks into smaller fragments, and these fragments can become part of the soil. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude from the passage that rock particles can be found in any type of soil as they are a result of the natural weathering process mixing rock particles with the rest of the soil.

The passage below has gaps. Immediately after each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. 

In modern mining, there is a network of __6__ [A. way B. tunnels C. paths D. avenues] and passages, with openings and walls which in the dim light seem very bewildering. Right across the wall at the end of the inky black passage, the __7__ [A. miners B. toilers C. workers D. foreman] approach. The coal __8__ [A. front B. slope C. obstacle D. face] is neatly cut __9__ [A. slit B. gash C. bare D. aperture]. It extends level to a height of rather less than three feet. The rays of the miner's lamp shine on steel roof __10__ [A. beams B. supports C. spurs D. stays]. Thousands of feet of rock and earth are pressing down on those steel plates and __11__ [A. props B. wedges C. poles D. stakes], and the miners have to crawl through the small, deep opening in the wall to get to the coal in the mine that we are considering, the __12__ [A. gash B. hole C. seam D. opening] is nearly four feet thick and is being worked by a combination of __13__ [A. digging B. manpower C. machinery D. spade] and explosives. A mechanical __14__ [A. slit B. gash C. knife D. mesh] saws into the coal to a depth of four or five feet, thus separating it from its base. Explosives pushed into holes drilled at intervals in the coal are __15__ [A. fused B. extinguished C. detonated D. stuck] by remote control and blow the separated section of the coal to pieces.

What option best fills the gap labelled 8

Answer Details

To determine the best option to fill the gap labelled 8, we need to consider the context of the passage, which describes a section in a coal mine where miners are working. The passage mentions that the coal is neatly cut, and it describes the setting of a mining environment. In mining terminology, the exposed surface of a coal seam where mining takes place is commonly referred to as the "coal face." This term specifically denotes the part of the seam being actively worked on or extracted.

Here's a breakdown of the options:

• Front: While it suggests an area or section in front, it is not the specific term used to describe the area where mining occurs.
• Slope: This implies an inclined surface, which does not aptly describe the structure where coal is being extracted.
• Obstacle: This suggests a barrier or hindrance, which is not relevant in describing the structure of the coal seam being mined.
• Face: This is the most accurate and specific term used in mining to describe the area where the coal is actively being cut and extracted.

Therefore, the most appropriate option to fill gap 8 is "face," as it accurately represents the mining term for the exposed surface of the coal seam that is being worked on.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence. 

The beggar would be grateful for even a _____ of bread. 

Answer Details

The sentence is discussing a beggar's gratitude for receiving a very small portion of bread. The term that fits this context is a **"crust"** of bread.

Here's why:

- **Crash:** This refers to a collision or a loud noise resulting from something falling or breaking. It doesn't relate to any part of bread.

- **Crush:** This means to press or squeeze something with force such that it becomes deformed. It is irrelevant in the context of bread.

- **Creche:** This is a term for a facility or nursery where children are cared for, especially during the day. It does not relate to any aspect of bread.

- **Crust:** This is the term for the outer part of bread that is typically harder than the soft center. It is a common expression to use "crust of bread" to indicate a small piece, especially in contexts discussing poverty or minimal resources.

Hence, the correct answer is that the beggar would be grateful for even a **"crust"** of bread.

Answer Details

To understand the word "**cherishes**," let's explore its meaning. When someone **cherishes** something, they hold it in high regard and have a deep appreciation or love for it. In this context, the board Chairman **cherishes** punctuality, meaning he values it and finds it important.

Now, let's look at the meanings of the options provided:

• **Condemns**: This means to express complete disapproval of something, typically in public; it's a strong negative judgment.
• **Abhors**: This means to regard with disgust and hatred; it's a strong dislike.
• **Despises**: This means to feel contempt or a deep repugnance for something; it's a severe dislike or disdain.
• **Admires**: This means to regard with respect, pleasure, or approval; it's a favorable and positive view.

The word **cherishes** is closest in meaning to **admires** because both involve a positive feeling and appreciation. In contrast, the other words (**condemns**, **abhors**, **despises**) all reflect negative feelings or attitudes.

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s)

Fierce dogs should be kept in the _______ during the day

Answer Details

The best option to complete the gap is kennel. A kennel is a place specifically designed to house dogs, providing them with a secure space for resting and staying during the day or night. It is commonly used to keep dogs controlled, ensuring they are safe and unable to cause harm or disturbance. On the other hand, a garage is generally meant for vehicles and may not provide the appropriate environment for a dog. A cage may be used for confinement but is typically smaller and not suitable for long-term housing of dogs. Lastly, a balcony is an open area often exposed to the elements and not an appropriate space to keep a dog for extended periods.

Choose the option that explains the information conveyed in the sentence

The teacher believed her students were equal to the task.

Answer Details

The sentence "The teacher believed her students were equal to the task" implies that the teacher had confidence in her students' ability to successfully accomplish the task at hand. This means the teacher thought her students were capable and ready to handle whatever was required to complete the task. Therefore, the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence is that the students were hardworking and dedicated, as it suggests they have the necessary skills and perseverance to succeed in the task. There is no indication in the sentence that the students were young, weak, or not prepared, nor does it suggest that the task was too difficult for them.

Choose the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence. 

Tayo had to separate himself neck and crop from his old friend. 

Answer Details

The phrase "to separate neck and crop" means to completely detach or disassociate oneself from something or someone. In this context, the sentence "Tayo had to separate himself neck and crop from his old friend" implies that Tayo made a **deliberate and total break** from his old friend without leaving any connections or ties.

Given this understanding, the option that best matches the meaning of the sentence is that:

He completely severed from his old friend.

Choose the option that best completes the sentence.

____ of his lateness, Okupe gained from the coaching. 

Answer Details

"In spite of" is used to show contrast with something (in this case, Okupe's lateness). The phrase means that despite being late, Okupe still benefited from the coaching.

In each of the following questions, the word in capital letter has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given words relate. 

His reign was noted for PEACE. 

Answer Details

When a word in a sentence is given emphatic stress, it signifies that the word is crucial to the meaning or emphasis of the sentence. In this case, the word in capital letters is "PEACE," implying that the emphasis is on what his reign was noted for. To determine the appropriate question form that relates to the emphasis, we look at options that focus on contrasting what his reign could be noted for.

The original statement is "His reign was noted for PEACE." Emphatic stress looks for an alternative or contrasting term to the emphasized word. Here, the emphasized word is "PEACE," so we need to check for an option that contrasts with "peace."

The option "Was his reign noted for wealth?" fits this requirement. By asking about a different characteristic, such as "wealth," it directly contrasts with the original statement's emphasis on "PEACE." Therefore, this question would have the emphatic stress on "peace" to highlight the contrast.

Hence, when the response is "His reign was noted for PEACE," the contrasting question would be "Was his reign noted for wealth?"

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence. 

He played his wife false by inviting his mistress to the house as his cousin. 

Answer Details

To comprehend the meaning of the sentence "He played his wife false by inviting his mistress to the house as his cousin," it's essential to break down the phrase:

The key expression here is "played his wife false." The phrase "played false" commonly means to be deceitful or unfaithful. In this context, it indicates an act of betrayal or cheating on one's spouse.

Now, linking this with the rest of the sentence, where he invited someone under false pretense as his cousin, suggests that he was trying to disguise or hide the true identity of this person from his wife. The term "mistress" typically refers to a woman with whom a married man has a romantic or sexual relationship outside his marriage.

Therefore, the sentence implies that the man was being unfaithful — he was cheating on his wife by inviting his mistress into their home, pretending that she was his cousin to cover up this infidelity. So, the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence is: He cheated on his wife with his mistress.