Case-laws are made by the

Case-laws are made by the judiciary. Judiciary refers to the branch of government that interprets and applies the laws. When a case is brought before a court, judges examine the facts of the case and the relevant laws, and make a decision based on their interpretation of the law. This decision is known as a judgment or ruling. Over time, these judgments build up a body of legal precedent, which is used as a guide for future cases. This body of precedent is known as case law, and it helps to ensure consistency and fairness in the application of the law. Legislatures, such as parliament or congress, are responsible for making laws. The council of ministers is a group of officials who advise the head of government, but they do not have the power to make laws or create case law. The president is the head of state, but in most countries, they do not have a direct role in the creation of case law.