In calculating the national income of a country x, the cost of both raw materials and the finished products were included. This is a case of

The case of including the cost of both raw materials and finished products in calculating the national income of a country X is an example of double counting. Double counting happens when a transaction or a product is counted more than once in the calculation of a certain economic value or indicator, resulting in an overestimation of the value or indicator. In this case, the raw materials are already included in the cost of the finished products, so counting them separately would result in an overestimation of the national income. It is important to avoid double counting in economic calculations to ensure accurate and reliable results.