Consider the following experimental set-up. (i) Identify by name: P; Q; R; S and T. (ii) State the method of collection of gas, S. (iii) What is the functio...
Question 1 Report
Consider the following experimental set-up.
(i) Identify by name: P; Q; R; S and T.
(ii) State the method of collection of gas, S.
(iii) What is the function of R in the experimental set-up?
(iv) Write the balanced equation of the reaction for the preparation of gas S.
Answer Details
(i) Identification of the labelled parts:
- P - Delivery tube
- Q - Drying tower
- R - Calcium oxide (quicklime)
- S - Ammonia gas
- T - Retort stand with clamp
(ii) Method of collection of gas S: Ammonia is collected by upward delivery (downward displacement of air), because it is less dense than air and is very soluble in water.
(iii) Function of R (calcium oxide): It dries the gas, removing water vapour from the ammonia before collection. Calcium oxide is used because it does not react with ammonia (an acidic drying agent such as concentrated H2SO4 or anhydrous CaCl2 would react with it).
(iv) Balanced equation for the preparation of gas S:
Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2NH4Cl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + 2NH3(g)
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