The subscript "10" indicates that 26 is a number written in base 10 (decimal), which means that it uses 10 digits (0-9) to represent all possible values. The subscript "2" indicates that X is a number written in base 2 (binary), which means that it uses only 2 digits (0 and 1) to represent all possible values.
To convert 26 from base 10 to base 2, we can use the repeated division-by-2 algorithm:
- Divide 26 by 2: 26 ÷ 2 = 13 with a remainder of 0 (LSB)
- Divide 13 by 2: 13 ÷ 2 = 6 with a remainder of 1
- Divide 6 by 2: 6 ÷ 2 = 3 with a remainder of 0
- Divide 3 by 2: 3 ÷ 2 = 1 with a remainder of 1
- Divide 1 by 2: 1 ÷ 2 = 0 with a remainder of 1 (MSB)
The remainders, read from bottom to top, give the binary representation of 26: 11010. Therefore, the answer is option (B) 11010.