(a) Complete the table below; Disease Causative organism Vector Control Cholera Trypanosome Female Anopheles mosquito Ringworm None (b) Explain briefly the ...

Answer Details

(a) The table can be completed as follows:

(b) Explanation of the biological basis of preserving food using different methods:

1. Salting - Salting works by drawing out moisture from bacteria and fungi, which are the main causes of spoilage in food. The high salt concentration creates an environment that is inhospitable to the growth of these microorganisms, thus preserving the food.

2. Irradiation - Irradiation uses ionizing radiation to kill harmful bacteria, viruses, and fungi in food. The radiation penetrates the food and damages the DNA of the microorganisms, rendering them unable to grow and reproduce.

3. Smoking - Smoking uses smoke from a fire to preserve food. The smoke contains chemicals that act as preservatives, such as phenols and other organic compounds, which inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. The smoke also adds flavor and aroma to the food, making it more appealing. Additionally, the high temperature of the smoking process helps to kill off any harmful microorganisms that may be present.