(a)Define the term Nikāh. (b)Enumerate ten categories of people prohibited to be married according to Qur’ān 4:22-24.

Answer Details

a) Nikāh is an Arabic term used to refer to the Islamic marriage contract. It is a solemn agreement between a man and a woman to enter into a lawful and loving relationship, recognized by Islamic law and society.

b) According to Qur’ān 4:22-24, there are ten categories of people who are prohibited from marrying each other:

1. Blood relatives - this includes parents, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews.
2. Foster relationships - individuals who have been nursed by the same woman are considered siblings and are not allowed to marry.
3. In-laws - a person cannot marry their stepmother, stepdaughter, mother-in-law, daughter-in-law, or sister-in-law.
4. People already married - it is not permissible for a person to marry someone who is already married.
5. Non-Muslims - a Muslim man cannot marry a non-Muslim woman, but a Muslim woman can only marry a Muslim man.
6. Slaves - it is not permissible to marry a slave without their owner's permission.
7. Women who are already in a marriage contract - a man cannot marry a woman who is already in a marriage contract, even if she is separated from her husband.
8. Adulterous persons - individuals who are guilty of adultery or fornication are not allowed to marry until they have repented and reformed.
9. People with physical or mental disabilities - individuals who have physical or mental disabilities that prevent them from fulfilling the duties of marriage are not allowed to marry.
10. Prohibited relationships - individuals who are prohibited from marrying due to cultural or social norms, such as someone who is considered a "family enemy" or a "taboo" person in their community.

These rules are put in place to ensure that marriages are entered into with care and consideration, and that they are based on love, respect, and mutual consent. It is believed that following these guidelines will lead to a harmonious and fulfilling marriage that is blessed by Allah.